Detection of galectin-3 in tear fluid at disease states and immunohistochemical and lectin histochemical analysis in human corneal and conjunctival epithelium
Enkela Hrdli
ková-Celaa b, Jan Plzákb c, Karel Smetana Jrb d, Zora M
lkováe, Herbert Kaltnerf, Martin Filipeca, Fu-Tong Liug, Hans-Joachim Gabiusf
a Charles
University, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology,
Prague, Czech Republic, b 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, c 1st Faculty of Medicine, Department of
Otorhino- laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, d Centre
for Cell Therapy and Tissue Repair, e 1st Faculty of Medicine, Department of
Pathological Physiology, f Ludwig-Maximilians- University, Faculty of
Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Munich,
Germany, g La
Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, San Diego, CA, USA
Correspondence to: Karel Smetana, Charles University, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, U nemocnice 3, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic ksmet{at}lf1.cuni.cz
Accepted for publication 16 May 2001
BACKGROUND/AIM
Components
of the tear fluid contribute to the biochemical defence system of the
eye. To reveal whether the immune mediator and lipopolysaccharide
binding galectin-3 is present in tears, tear samples were collected
from eyes in healthy and pathological states. Investigation of
expression of galectin-3 and galectin-3 reactive glycoligands in
normal human conjunctival and corneal epithelia was also initiated as a
step to understand the role of galectin-3 in ocular surface pathology.
METHODSImmunoblot
analysis using either a rabbit polyclonal or a mouse monoclonal
antibody against galectin-3 was employed to detect galectin-3 in tear
fluid. Galectin-3 expression in tissue
specimens was detected by immunocytochemistry employing A1D6 mouse
monoclonal antibody, and galectin-3 reactive glycoligands were
visualised by lectin histochemistry using labelled galectin-3.
RESULTSGalectin-3 was
found only in tears from patients with ocular surface disorders. It was
expressed in normal corneal and conjunctival epithelia but not in
lacrimal glands. Inflammatory leucocytes and goblet cells found in
galectin-3 containing tear fluid also expressed galectin-3. Galectin-3
binding sites were detected on the surface of conjunctival and corneal
epithelial cells co-localising with desmoglein.
CONCLUSIONSThis study
revealed expression of galectin-3 in tear fluid obtained from patients
with eye diseases. The role of this endogenous lectin (produced by
inflammatory as well as epithelial cells) in antimicrobial action and
inflammation modulation could be expected.
© 2001 by British Journal of Ophthalmology
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