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A male bias has been documented in many glaucoma prevalence reports. A recent report suggested a significant reduced risk of open angle glaucoma in women, associated with longer duration of endogenous oestrogen exposure. Lee and coworkers report the results of the Blue Mountains Eye Study relating to female reproductive factors and open angle glaucoma. A significant risk of open angle glaucoma was documented with earlier age of menarche. But this study was unable to confirm the association between open angle glaucoma and earlier age at natural menopause. The positive finding in relation to later menarche does not exclude a possible role for endogenous female sex hormones in glaucoma.
See p 1324
Branch retinal vein occlusion nearly always occurs at arteriovenous crossing sites. Reduced visual acuity associated with branch retinal vein occlusion may be due to cystoid macular oedema, macular non-perfusion, vitreous haemorrhage, and traction retinal detachment. A surgical technique to
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