Perspective
Molecular ophthalmology: an update on animal models for retinal degenerations and dystrophies
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Introduction |
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For several decades, basic research on acquired and inherited retinal degeneration was substantially based on a variety of animal models, most of them originating from spontaneous mutations, others induced by damaging external agents. In the past few years, however, progress in genetic engineering has led to a rapidly growing number of transgenic animals, mostly mice, carrying constructs that lead to disruption or overexpression of candidate genes for retinal degenerations. On the one hand, these new models constitute a powerful and adaptable tool to investigate the role of specific gene mutations and the resulting cellular defects that finally lead to photoreceptor cell death. On the other hand, they extend the spectrum of animal models suitable for the newly arisen field of retinal somatic gene therapy.
To assist researchers and clinicians interested in the field, this
article attempts to provide a structured overview on recently developed
transgenic animal models as well as
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