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Prostaglandin E2 suppresses polyinosine–polycytidylic acid (polyI:C)-stimulated cytokine production via prostaglandin E2 receptor (EP) 2 and 3 in human conjunctival epithelial cells
  1. Mayumi Ueta1,2,
  2. Toshiyuki Matsuoka3,
  3. Norihiko Yokoi1,
  4. Shigeru Kinoshita1
  1. 1Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
  2. 2Research Center for Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
  3. 3Department of ophthalmology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
  1. Correspondence to Mayumi Ueta, Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Hirokoji, Kawaramachi, Kamigyoku, Kyoto 602-0841, Japan; mueta{at}koto.kpu-m.ac.jp

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Introduction

Prostanoids are a group of lipid mediators that form in response to various stimuli. They include prostaglandin (PG) D2, PGE2, PGF, PGI2 and thromboxane (TX) A2. They are released extracellularly immediately after their synthesis, and they act by binding to a G-protein-coupled rhodopsin-type receptor on the surface of target cells. There are eight types of prostanoid receptors: the PGD receptor (DP), four subtypes of the PGE receptor (EP1, -2, -3 and -4), PGF receptor …

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Footnotes

  • The work described in the present paper was carried out in collaboration with Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., who supplied ONO-AE-259, ONO-AE-248 and ONO-AE-329 used in this study.

  • Funding This work was supported in part by grants-in-aid for scientific research from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare and the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and research grants from the Kyoto Foundation for the Promotion of Medical Science, the Intramural Research Fund of Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine and the Shimizu Foundation.

  • Competing interests None to declare.

  • Patient consent Obtained.

  • Ethics approval This study was approved by the institutional review board at Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan. All experimental procedures were conducted in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.

  • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.