Table 4

Proportion of decreased vision as a result of uncorrected refractive error

Country	Year	Type of survey	Race	Age group	Definition	% of decreased visual acuity due to uncorrected refractive error
Children
Chile, La Florida⁴⁴	1998	Cluster random sample	Hispanic	5–15	≤20/40	55
Colombia, Medellin⁴⁵	1993	20% random sample from 88 000 children screened all public schools	Hispanic	5–14	Not specified	50
USA, California⁴⁶	1979–88	First graders in a school district	(>50% Hispanic)	6–7	≤20/40	65

Adults
Chile⁴⁷	1990	Community screening for blindness	Hispanic	≥;60	≤20/200	48
Brazil,²² Sao Paulo	1986–7	Stratified random sample	Hispanic	≥;65	≤20/25	49
Brazil,²³ Capinas	1986–7	Community based	Hispanic	≥;50	≤20/200	34
Brazil,²⁴ Porto Alegre	1992–4	Community screening for blindness	Hispanic	All ages	≤20/200	44
Peru,²³ Chimbote	1986–7	Community based	Hispanic	≥;40	≤20/200	15
USA Baltimore, MD²⁹	1985–8	Stratified random sample	White	≥;40	≤20/200	21
			Black	≥;40	≤20/200	18
USA, Salisbury, MD³⁴	1994–5	Community based random sample	White	65–84	<20/40	34
			Black	65–84	<20/40	23
USA, Tucson and Nogales, AZ³⁵	1997–9	Community based random sample	Hispanic	≥;40	<20/40	73

Blindness and visual impairment in the Americas and the Caribbean

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