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Br J Ophthalmol 2007;91:1125-1128 doi:10.1136/bjo.2007.115113
  • Scientific report
    • Clinical science - Scientific reports

Vitreoretinal surgery using bromphenol blue as a vital stain: evaluation of staining characteristics in humans

  1. Christos Haritoglou,
  2. Ricarda G Schumann,
  3. Rupert Strauss,
  4. Siegfried G Priglinger,
  5. Aljoscha S Neubauer,
  6. Anselm Kampik
  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
  1. Christos Haritoglou, MD, Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Mathildenstr. 8, 80336 Munich, Germany; christos.haritoglou{at}med.uni-muenchen.de
  • Accepted 8 February 2007
  • Published Online First 21 February 2007

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the staining characteristics of bromphenol blue used during vitreoretinal surgery in humans.

Patients and methods: 13 patients with epiretinal membranes were included. Before and after surgery a complete clinical examination including best corrected visual acuity, funduscopy, fluorescein angiography, OCT (Stratus), Goldmann perimetry and multifocal ERG as well as photography of the macular area was performed. Bromphenol blue was used in concentrations of 0.2% in most patients. Removed epiretinal tissue was evaluated using electron microscopy.

Results: Using dye concentrations of 0.2% a good demarcation of epiretinal membranes was seen in 11/13 patients. Staining of vitreous remnants at the vitreous base was seen in all patients. No dye-related adverse events were seen during follow-up in the functional tests (VA, ERG, perimetry) performed. Histological evaluation of epiretinal membranes showed unremarkable aspects of epiretinal cellular layers and unremarkable retinal surface of the internal limiting membrane (ILM).

Conclusion: Bromphenol blue appears to be a very helpful and safe tool in posterior segment surgery. The staining characteristics need to be further evaluated in prospective study settings and larger numbers of patients.

Footnotes

  • Funding: This study was supported by a grant of the editorial board of the Münchener Medizinische Wochenschrift (MMW).

  • Competing interests: None declared.

  • Presented at the Combined meeting Club Jules Gonin/Retina Society 2006, Capetown

  • Dr Haritoglou applied for a patent for the dye and its use.

  • Abbreviations:
    ERM

    epiretinal membranes

    ICG

    indocyanine green

    ILM

    internal limiting membrane

    VA

    visual acuity

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