Table 1
Demographics and main visual characteristics for healthy controls and multiple sclerosis patients
| Healthy controls | Multiple sclerosis | Total | ||
| Subjects | N | 35 | 85 | 120 |
| Eyes | N | 70 | 170 | 240 |
| Gender | Male (%) | 12 (34.3) | 32 (37.6) | 44 (36.7) |
| Female (%) | 23 (65.7) | 53 (62.4) | 76 (63.3) | |
| Age | Mean (range) | 34 (23 to 57) | 39 (20 to 59)** | 37 (20 to 59) |
| Spherical refractive error testing | Mean (±SD) | −0.68 (±1.98) | −0.85 (±2.16) | −0.80 (±2.11) |
| Range | −5.75–3.75 | −9.75–3.50 | −9.75–3.75 | |
| Cylindrical refractive error testing | Mean (±SD) | −0.52 (±0.50) | −0.63 (±0.67) | −0.60 (±0.63) |
| Range | −1.75–0.00 | −3.25–0.00 | −3.25–0.00 | |
| Visus Snellen | Mean (±SD) | 1.17 (±0.18) | 1.13 (±0.22) | 1.14 (±0.21) |
| Range | 0.70–1.60 | 0.30–1.60 | 0.30–1.60 | |
| Expanded Disability Status Scale | Median (range) | 2.0 (0.0 to 6.0) | ||
| Duration (months) | Mean (range) | 71 (4 to 269) | ||
| Optic neuritis | Yes (%) | 48 (28.4) | ||
| No (%) | 121 (71.6) |
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For multiple sclerosis patients, the main disease parameters are given. Groups did not differ significantly in gender (χ2 analysis, p=0.623), spherical refractive error testing (Generalised Estimating Equation (GEE), p=0.617), cylindrical refractive error testing (GEE, p=0.375) and Visus (GEE, p=0.205) but did differ in age (ANOVA p=0.002).
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↵** Significant difference on p<0.01 level.
