Purpose To determine the choroidal thickness (CT) in the macular area of eyes of children with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia and to compare the thickness with that of fellow eyes and age-matched controls.

Materials and methods Twenty-five patients (6.6±2.2 years, mean±SD) with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia and twenty age-matched controls (6.7±1.9 years) were studied. The CT was measured with the enhanced depth imaging programme of a spectral domain optical coherence tomographic instrument in all patients and controls. The CT of the subfoveal area and at 1 mm and 3 mm diameter around the fovea was determined. In addition, the correlation between the CT and axial length was calculated.

Results The mean subfoveal CT was 351.3±54.7 µm in the amblyopic eyes, 283.5±55.2 µm in the fellow eyes and 282.7±73.3 µm in the control eyes. The subfoveal choroid in amblyopic eyes was significantly thicker than that of the fellow eyes and control eyes (p=0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between the subfoveal CT and the axial length in the amblyopic eyes (amblyopic eyes: r=−0.51, p=0.01) and the control eyes (r=−0.46, p=0.01).

Conclusions The subfoveal choroid of eyes with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia is significantly thicker than that of the fellow eye and the age-matched controls. The profile of the CT in the amblyopic eyes was different from that of the fellow eyes and control eyes.