[42] Spectral sensitivities of human cone visual pigments determined in vivo and in vitro

doi:10.1016/S0076-6879(00)16754-0

Methods in Enzymology

Volume 316, 2000, Pages 626-650

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(00)16754-0 Get rights and content

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This chapter summarizes the current status of the spectral sensitivity curves that underlie normal and anomalous human color vision, with an emphasis on in vivo psychophysical measurements in genetically well-characterized subjects and in vitro measurements with recombinant cone pigments. The existence of polymorphisms among normal M and L pigment genes, most especially the A180/S180 polymorphism, means that a single set of cone fundamentals will accurately describe the color vision of only a subset of normal trichromats, and that in the construction of an average set of fundamentals it is important that the weighting of polymorphic types within the test population match that in the general population. Thus, the in vivo determination of the cone fundamentals requires an analysis of the spectral sensitivity curves for subjects whose visual pigment gene sequences reveal which of the various possible pigments they possess. By building on advances in molecular biology and exploiting high-precision in vivo and in vitro techniques, significant progress has been made toward the goal of fully cataloging the rich diversity of cone photopigments that underlie normal and anomalous human color vision.

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Citation Excerpt :
Variations in the spectral positions of the L-cone and M-cone photopigments are also common because of hybrid (mixed) L-cone and M-cone photopigment opsin genes, which are fusion genes produced by intragenic crossing over and thus contain the coding sequences from both L-cone and M-cone pigment genes [for review, see Refs. 40••,41••]. Both in vitro [42,43] and in vivo [e.g. Refs. 20••,44] measurements of the absorbance spectrum peaks of the hybrid pigments reveal a wide range of possible anomalous pigments lying between the normal L-cone and M-cone pigments [see Table 1 of Ref. 45]. In addition, smaller shifts occur within the normal population, because of different polymorphisms (commonly occurring allelic differences) of the M-cone and L-cone photopigment opsin genes.
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Citation Excerpt :
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[42] Spectral sensitivities of human cone visual pigments determined in vivo and in vitro

Publisher Summary

Vision Res

Physica

Vision Res

Vision Res

Vision Res

Vision Res

Neuron

Vision Res

Vision Res

Vision Res

Vision Res

Vision Res

Vision Res

Vision Res.

Vision Res

Vision Res

Vision Res

Science

Phil. Trans. R. Soc.

Phil. Trans. R. Soc.

Doklady Akad. S.S.S.R.

J. Opt. Soc. Am.

Color Vision: From Genes to Perception

Science

Science

J. Opt. Soc. Am.

Color Vision: From Genes to Perception

Z. Psychol. Physiol. Sinnesorg

Doc. Ophthal.

J. Physiol.

Nature (London)

Biochemistry

Nature (London)