Comparison of Latanoprost and Timolol in Patients with Ocular Hypertension and Glaucoma: A Six-month, Masked, Multicenter Trial in the United States

doi:10.1016/S0161-6420(96)30749-5

Ophthalmology

Volume 103, Issue 1, January 1996, Pages 138-147

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0161-6420(96)30749-5 Get rights and content

Purpose: Latanoprost, a new prostaglandin analogue, was compared with timolol for ocular hypotensive efficacy and side effects.

Methods: In a multicenter, randomized, double-masked, parallel group study, 268 patients with ocular hypertension or early primary open-angle glaucoma received either 0.005% Latanoprost once daily or 0.5% timolol twice daily for 6 months. All except ten patients from each group successfully completed the study.

Results: Intraocular pressure (IOP) was significantly (P < 0.001) reduced and maintained by both medications without evidence of a long-term drift over 6 months. Comparing 6-month with baseline diurnal IOP values, the IOP reduction (mean ± standard deviation) achieved with Latanoprost (-6.7 ± 3.4 mmHg) was significantly (P < 0.001) greater than that produced with timolol (-4.9 ± 2.9 mmHg). Four patients treated with timolol and none treated with Latanoprost were withdrawn from the study because of inadequate IOP control. Pulse rate was significantly reduced with timolol, but not with Latanoprost. Slightly more conjunctiva) hyperemia appeared in Latanoprost-treated compared with timolol-treated eyes. Fewer subjective side effects occurred in latanoprost-treated eyes. Both eyes of a patient with a characteristic, concentric iris heterochromia (darker centrally) at baseline showed a definite, photographically documented increase in pigmentation during Latanoprost treatment, making the irides uniformly darker. Three additional patients treated with Latanoprost were suspects for this color change. Otherwise, no significant difference between treatment groups occurred in visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, blood pressure, and laboratory values.

Conclusion: Latanoprost has the potential for becoming a new first-line treatment for glaucoma.

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One eye from each of 50 patients was enrolled (10 healthy patients, 26 patients with OHT, and 14 patients with OAG). After administration of LBN there was significantly increased macular VD (0.76% [0.20%-1.33%], P = 0.009) and a trend in increasing peripapillary VD in patients with OAG and patients with OHT. In contrast, after administration of timolol, there were no differences in macular VD, and a decrease in peripapillary VD only was observed in the nasal inferior sector (−0.56% [−1.08% to −0.03%], P = .04) in patients with OAG and patients with OHT. No change in peripapillary or macular VD was observed in the normal subjects (P > .05 for all).
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Évaluer la baisse de la PIO et la symptomatologie oculaire chez les patients nouvellement diagnostiqués de GPAO et traités en monothérapie par le Latanoprost.
Il s’est agi d’une étude multicentrique, transversale et descriptive. Nous avons inclus les adultes nouvellement diagnostiqués de GPAO. Tous les patients ont reçu une goutte de Latanoprost 0,005 % conservé dans chaque œil tous les soirs pendant 12 semaines. La variation de la PIO et l’apparition des signes et symptômes oculaires étaient évalués pendant et à la fin du traitement.
Au total, nous avons inclus 524 patients avec un taux de participation à 93,3 % à 12 semaines. La moyenne d’âge était de 52,79 ± 17,33 ans et le sexe-ratio H/F était de 1,39. La PIO moyenne à l’inclusion était de 21,68 ± 9,72 mmHg. Après 2 semaines de traitement, la PIO moyenne était de 15,49 ± 5,81 mmHg, soit une réduction de 28,55 %. Après 12 semaines de traitement, la PIO moyenne était de 13,16 ± 3,54 mmHg, soit une réduction de 39,30 %. Les symptômes enregistrés étaient dominés par la sensation de grains de sable dont la fréquence était de 4,72 % à S2 et 2,45 % à S12. Les signes étaient majoritairement représentés par l’hyperhémie conjonctivale (4,33 % à S2 et 1,84 % à S12).
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To assess the reduction in IOP and ocular symptoms in patients newly diagnosed with POAG and treated with latanoprost as monotherapy.
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: Presented in part at the Glaucoma Society of the International Congress of Ophthalmology in Quebec City, Canada, June 1994, and as a poster at the American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, San Francisco, November 1994.

: Also submitted for publication, in part, in Glaucoma Update V. Krieglstein GK, ed, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, which has limited distribution.

: Supported by a grant from Pharmacia Pharmaceuticals, Uppsala, Sweden.

: Dr. Camras is a consultant to Pharmacia Ophthalmics, Uppsala, Sweden, and to Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, Texas. None of the authors has a proprietary interest in the development or marketing of any drug used in this study or in any competing drug.

^*: Members of the United States Latanoprost Study Group are listed in the Appendix at the end of this article.

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Comparison of Latanoprost and Timolol in Patients with Ocular Hypertension and Glaucoma: A Six-month, Masked, Multicenter Trial in the United States

Ophthalmology

Ophthalmology

Ophthalmology

Ophthalmology

Ophthalmology

Am J Ophthalmol

Prostaglandins

The potential of prostaglandin derivatives in glaucoma therapy

Curr Opin Ophthalmol

Topical prostaglandin E2 effects on normal human intraocular pressure

J Ocul Pharmacol

Prostaglandin FF2α-isopropylester eye drops: effects in normal human eyes

Br J Ophthalmol

Prostaglandin F2α- isopropylester eye drops: effect on intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma

Br J Ophthalmol

Ocular effects of two different prostaglandin F2α esters. A doublemasked cross-over study on normotensive eyes

Acta Ophthalmol

PhXA34, a new potent ocular hypotensive drug. A study on dose-response relationship and on aqueous humor dynamics in healthy volunteers

Arch Ophthalmol

Effects of prostaglandin D2 and its analogue, BW245C, on intraocular pressure in humans

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

Effects of topical application of UF-021, a novel prostaglandin derivative, on aqueous humor dynamics in normal human eyes

Jpn J Ophthalmol

Intraocular pressure reduction with PhXA34, a new prostaglandin analogue, in patients with ocular hypertension

Arch Ophthalmol

PhXA34—a prostaglandin F2α analogue. Effect on intraocular pressure in patients with ocular hypertension

Br J Ophthalmol

Topical prostaglandin E₂ effects on normal human intraocular pressure

Prostaglandin FF^2α-isopropylester eye drops: effects in normal human eyes

Prostaglandin F^2α- isopropylester eye drops: effect on intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma

Ocular effects of two different prostaglandin F^2α esters. A doublemasked cross-over study on normotensive eyes

Effects of prostaglandin D₂ and its analogue, BW245C, on intraocular pressure in humans

PhXA34—a prostaglandin F_2α analogue. Effect on intraocular pressure in patients with ocular hypertension