Title of study, principal author, and year of publication | Number of subjects examined | Diagnostic criteria | Age groups (years) | Prevalence of | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ARM | AMD | ARM/AMD combined | |||||||
Blue Mountains Eye Study (Mitchell, 1995) | 3654 | Modified WARMGS29; no visual criteria; similar to international ARM study group diagnostic and grading criteria | 49–54 | 1.30 | |||||
55–64 | 2.6 | 0.2 | |||||||
65–74 | 8.5 | 0.7 | |||||||
75–84 | 15.5 | 5.4 | |||||||
85+ | 28 | 18.5 | |||||||
Framingham Eye Study (Kahn, 1977) | 2477 | VA of 6/9 or worse; pigmentary, atrophic or neovascular macular changes, or drusen (hard or soft) | 52–64 | 1.6 | |||||
65–74 | 11 | ||||||||
74–85 | 27.9 | ||||||||
Beaver Dam Eye Study (Klein, 1992) | 4775 | WARMGS29 no visual criteria | 43–54 | 8.4 | 0.1 | ||||
55–64 | 13.8 | 0.6 | |||||||
65–74 | 18 | 1.4 | |||||||
75+ | 29.7 | 7.1 | |||||||
NHANES (Klein, 1982) | 3056 | VA of 6/7.5 or worse; pigmentary, atrophic or neovascular macular changes, or drusen (hard or soft) | 45–64 | 2.3 | |||||
65–74 | 9 | ||||||||
WARMGS = The Wisconsin Age Related Maculopathy Grading System. This system grades characteristics of ARM in a semiquantitative fashion using stereoscopic 30 degree colour fundus photographs; VA = visual acuity; ARM = age related maculopathy; AMD = age related macular degeneration; NHANES = National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.