Relative odds (95% confidence intervals) for risk factors for diabetic retinopathy
| Relative odds | Adjusted relative odds | |
|---|---|---|
| *p<0.05 | ||
| Age (years) | ||
| 50–59 | 1 | 1 |
| 60–69 | 1.00 (0.53 to 1.90) | 1.20 (0.57 to 2.52) |
| >70 | 1.55 (0.76 to 3.20) | 1.38 (0.59 to 3.20) |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 1 | 1 |
| Female | 0.84 (0.48 to 1.47) | 1.02 (0.51 to 2.05) |
| Literacy | ||
| Illiterate | 1 | 1 |
| Literate | 0.69 (0.33 to 1.43) | 0.81 (0.34 to 1.94) |
| Place of residence | ||
| Urban | 1 | 1 |
| Rural | 0.48 (0.26 to 0.89) | 0.68 (0.31 to 1.50) |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | ||
| <5 | 1 | 1 |
| 5–10 | 1.58 (0.76 to 3.20) | 1.24 (0.58 to 2.66) |
| >10 | 5.28 (2.58 to 10.78)* | 3.01 (1.32 to 6.86)* |
| Current use of insulin | ||
| No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 12.16 (3.28 to 45.08)* | 10.56 (1.15 to 97.47)* |
| BMI | ||
| Normal | 1 | 1 |
| Lean | 0.72 (0.22 to 2.35) | 0.72 (0.19 to 2.70) |
| Overweight | 0.92 (0.48 to 1.79) | 0.87 (0.42 to 1.81) |
| Obese | 0.36 (0.12 to 1.11) | 0.46 (0.14 to 1.49) |
| Hypertension | ||
| No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.16 (0.61 to 2.21) | 1.01 (0.47 to 2.16) |