Table 1

 Summary of the quantitative indices generated by videokeratography 5,8,13

IndexDescriptionNormal range
KCentral K reading. Calculates the difference in steepness between the inferior and superior cornea at a distance of 3 mm from the apex<47.2 D or >7.2 mm
I-SThe inferior-superior dioptric asymmetry<1.4
ACPAverage corneal power40.5 to 46.7 D
CEICorneal eccentricity index or global shape factor. Positive for a prolate surface and negative for an oblate surface−0.114 to 0. 806
SDPStandard deviation of the power. Increased when there is a wide range of dioptric power within the cornea0.37 to 1.33
DSIDifferential sector index. Reports the greatest difference in average power between any two sectors0.21 to 3.51
OSIOpposite sector index. Represents the greatest difference of average power in opposite sectors−0.55 to 2.09
CSICentre surround index. The difference in the average area corrected corneal power between the central corneal zone 3 mm in diameter and a 3 mm annulus surrounding the central area−0.28 to 0.80
IAIIrregular astigmatism index. Reports the average inter-ring variation in power along semi-meridians0.19 to 0.49
AAArea analysed. The ratio of the area used for calculation compared to that covered by image of the concentric rings0.70 to 0.94
SAISurface asymmetry index. Detects alteration of corneal symmetry—for example, off centre keratoconus apices by comparing areas of the cornea 180° apart0.10 to 0.42
SRISurface regularity index. Values can be used to predict the optical outcome that might be expected based on corneal topography0.0 to 0.56