Table 1

Retinal vascular wall signs and age related maculopathy (ARM) risk factors in the Blue Mountains Eye Study population

ARM risk factor	Focal retinal arteriolar narrowing			Arteriovenous nicking
ARM risk factor	Absent	Present	p Value	Absent	Mild	p Value	Moderate/severe	p Value
*t Test for comparison between absent and mild or moderate to severe groups.
†Mantel-Haenszel χ² test for trend.
Mean age (years)	64	70.5	<0.0001	63.4	65.6	<0.0001*	66.7	<0.0001*
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	144.3	158.4	<0.0001	143.3	147.0	<0.0001*	151.2	<0.0001*
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	83.1	89.2	<0.0001	83.1	83.9	0.044*	85.7	<0.001*
Mean arterial blood pressure (mm Hg)	103.3	112.0	<0.0001	103.0	104.7	<0.001*	107.3	<0.0001*
Mean body mass index	26.2	26.6	0.26	26.0	26.6	0.0014*	27.0	0.0038*
Age group (%)			<0.0001†					<0.0001†
<60	97.5	2.5		63.2	31.6		5.3
60–69	93.9	6.1		50.0	42.1		7.9
70–79	88.6	11.4		47.2	41.0		11.8
80+	77.1	22.9		37.3	53.4		9.3
Sex (%)			0.37					0.58
Women	92.5	7.5		51.9	39.7		8.4
Men	93.5	6.6		53.9	38.4		7.7
Smoking status (%)			0.29†					0.61†
Never	92.5	7.5		53.3	38.4		8.3
Past	92.9	7.1		52.7	39.7		7.6
Current	94.4	5.6		50.8	40.6		8.6