Table 4

Effect size estimates for all pairwise comparisons between arms

		Effect size (scale units)	95% CI	p Value
(A) For scaled trial outcomes (ie, differences between arms at 12 months)
VCM1†:
	ELVR v CLVR	0.06	−0.17 to 0.30	0.60
	ELVR v CELVR	0.12	−0.11 to 0.34	0.31
	CELVR v CLVR	−0.05	−0.29 to 0.18	0.64
SF-36†:
PCS	ELVR v CLVR	−6.05	−10.2 to −1.91	0.004
	ELVR v CELVR	−3.78	−7.75 to 0.19	0.06
	CELVR v CLVR	−2.27	−6.29 to 1.76	0.27
MCS	ELVR v CLVR	−4.04	−7.44 to −0.65	0.02
	ELVR v CELVR	−2.56	−5.73 to 0.61	0.11
	CELVR v CLVR	−1.48	−4.69 to 1.73	0.36
NAS†:
Locus of control	ELVR v CLVR	−0.42	−1.68 to 0.83	0.51
	ELVR v CELVR	−0.44	−1.63 to 0.76	0.47
	CELVR v CLVR	0.02	−1.21 to 1.25	0.98
Acceptance	ELVR v CLVR	−0.36	−3.04 to 2.32	0.79
	ELVR v CELVR	−0.73	−3.29 to 1.84	0.58
	CELVR v CLVR	0.36	−2.24 to 2.97	0.78
Attitude	ELVR v CLVR	0.22	−1.34 to 1.77	0.79
	ELVR v CELVR	0.03	−1.52 to 1.45	0.97
	CELVR v CLVR	0.25	−1.27 to 1.77	0.75
Self efficacy	ELVR v CLVR	−0.44	−2.88 to 2.00	0.72
	ELVR v CELVR	−0.88	−3.21 to 1.44	0.46
	CELVR v CLVR	0.44	−1.91 to 2.79	0.71
Self rated restriction score†:
	ELVR v CLVR	0.04	−0.02 to 0.11	0.17
	ELVR v CELVR	0.04	−0.02 to 0.10	0.15
	CELVR v CLVR	−0.00	−0.06 to 0.06	0.99

(B) For binary trial outcomes (ie, odds ratios for 12 months data)
†Analysis was adjusted for baseline outcome score; participants with data missing at baseline were excluded from the analysis.
‡All 194 participants who completed the trial were included in the analysis of “using at least one LVA”; analyses of “using a LVA daily” and “for > 5 minutes” were restricted to the 95% of participants using at least one LVA at 12 months.
Measured task performance:
Read at least one “Use by date”	ELVR v CLVR	0.83	0.40 to 1.75	0.63
	ELVR v ELVR	0.48	0.23 to 1.02	0.06
	CELVR v LVR	1.73	0.80 to 3.76	0.17
Read medicine name (±dose)	ELVR v CLVR	0.72	0.35 to 1.46	0.36
	ELVR v CELVR	0.55	0.28 o 1.10	0.09
	CELVR v LVR	1.29	0.64 to 2.62	0.48
LVA use‡:
Using at least one LVA	ELVR v CLVR	0.51	0.12 to 2.13	0.36
	ELVR v ELVR	0.43	0.10 to 1.81	0.25
	CELVR v LVR	1.18	0.23 to 6.05	0.85
Using a LVA daily	ELVR v CLVR	1.18	0.54 to 2.59	0.67
	ELVR v ELVR	1.03	0.48 to 2.21	0.94
	CELVR v LVR	1.15	0.54 to 2.48	0.72
Using a LVA for >5 minutes on average	ELVR v CLVR	1.22	0.57 to 2.60	0.60
	ELVR v ELVR	1.77	0.83 to 3.78	0.14
	CELVR v LVR	0.69	0.32 to 1.52	0.36