Demographics of participants at baseline comparing cognitive groups
| Cognitive group | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Normal (n=48) | Impaired (n=64) | p Value* | |
| Age, mean (SD), years | 80.0 (3.8) | 81.2 (3.9) | 0.11 |
| Gender, n (%) men | 20 (42) | 30 (47) | 0.58 |
| Years full-time education, median (IQR) | 11 (10–13) | 10 (9–11) | <0.001 |
| Depression score, GDS-15, median (IQR) | 2 (1–3.75) | 3 (1–5) | 0.03 |
| Cognition score, ACE-R, mean (SD) | 92.3 (2.9) | 77.2 (9.0) | <0.001 |
| VFQ-25, mean (SD) | 79.9 (12.5) | 77.3 (14.9) | 0.34 |
| logMAR VA, mean (SD) | 0.13 (0.09) | 0.21 (0.17) | 0.002 |
| AMD grade, median (IQR) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–0) | 0.45 |
| Cataract grade, mean (SD) | 3.48 (0.54) | 3.60 (0.69) | 0.33 |
*p Value refers to independent t test, Pearson-χ2 or Mann–Whitney U as appropriate. Note, that higher GDS-15 scores represent poorer mood, higher ACE-R scores represent higher cognition, higher VFQ-25 scores represent better functioning, higher logMAR scores represent worse VA, higher AMD grade indicates more macular changes and higher cataract grade represents more dense cataract.
ACE-R, Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination; AMD, age-related macular degeneration; GDS-15, 15 item Geriatric Depression Score; logMAR, logarithm of minimum angle of resolution; VA, visual acuity; VFQ-25,25-item Visual Functioning Questionnaire.