Mean change and difference in HbA1c, total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides, 25-OH-vitamin D, TNF-α, hsCRP, comparing baseline to 6 months for placebo and supplement groups
| HbA1c% | TC (mg/dL) | LDL-C (mg/dL) | HDL-C (mg/dL) | TGs (mg/dL) | 25-OH-D (ng/mL) | TNF-α (pg/mL) | hsCRP (mg/L) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean change and SD for placebo group | +0.1±0.4 | +0.39±13.13 | +0.82±10.15 | −1.61±5.31 | +2.39±11.56 | +0.61±7.21 | +0.56±2.79 | −0.28±1.83 |
| Mean change and SD for DiVFuSS group | −0.1±0.4 | −8.33±23.40 | −7.61±16.08 | +3.82±6.24 | −10.46±28.48 | +4.54±5.93 | +0.78±5.04 | −2.14±3. |
| Mean difference between placebo and DiVFuSS groups | 0.2±0.5 | 8.73±19.79 | 8.44±13.93, | 5.43±5.87 | 12.85±23.01 | 3.93±6.49 | 0.22±4.08 | 1.86±3.05 |
| 95% p values | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.0004 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.88 | 0.01 |
25-OH-D, 25-OH-vitamin D; DiVFuSS, Diabetes Visual Function Supplement Study; HbA1c, glycohaemoglobin; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C reactive protein; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol; TGs, triglycerides; TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor-α.