Table 3

Testability rates with different optotypes

Study0ptotypenTestability
3 yototal3 yototal
4 yo4 yo
Present studySingle-crowded tumbling E929173591.90%94.9%
80698.30%
Leone et al24HOTV-ATS36372386.5%91.4%
36096.3%
Pan et al3HOTV-ATS460102781%90.5%
56798%
Kvarnstrom et al27HOTV chart47870784.80%87.4%
22992.80%
Kvarnstrom et al27LEA chart47870782.80%86.1%
22992.90%
Kupl et al23HOTV-ATS225858(3–3.5 yo not included)97.6% (5yo included)
63396.70%
Becker et al12
Paediatric routine examination
Single LEA symbols7113476.00%85.00%
6395.00%
Becker et al12
Ophthalmic revaluation
Single LEA symbols102880.00%92.80%
18100.00%
  • For a more accurate comparison, testability rates are presented separately at 3 and 4 yo.

  • yo, years old.