Table 1

The crude and age-standardised all-ages prevalence of visual impairment (VI) and blindness associated with myopic macular degeneration (MMD) estimated for each Global Burden of Disease region between 2000 and 2050

Region200020102020203020402050
Crude all-ages prevalence (%) of VI associated with MMD in each decade
  Asia (Central) 0.08 0.13 0.19 0.30 0.44 0.63
  Asia (East) 0.08 0.16 0.25 0.39 0.56 0.77
  Asia (South) 0.10 0.16 0.25 0.41 0.67 1.07
  Asia (Southeast) 0.13 0.19 0.29 0.45 0.69 1.02
  Asia-Pacific High Income 0.04 0.07 0.10 0.14 0.19 0.24
  Australasia 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.10
  Oceania 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.12
  Caribbean 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.15 0.21
  Latin America (Andean) 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.11 0.16 0.22
  Latin America (Central) 0.03 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.20 0.29
  Latin America (Southern) 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.18 0.26
  Latin America (Tropical) 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.12 0.17 0.23
  North America High Income 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.14
  Europe (Central) 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.19 0.26 0.34
  Europe (Eastern) 0.07 0.10 0.14 0.21 0.27 0.35
  Europe (Western) 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.09
  North Africa and Middle East 0.05 0.07 0.12 0.19 0.28 0.41
  Sub-Saharan Africa (Central) 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.15 0.23
  Sub-Saharan Africa (Eastern) 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.11
  Sub-Saharan Africa (Southern) 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.11
  Sub-Saharan Africa (Western) 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.15 0.24
Global 0.07 0.11 0.17 0.26 0.39 0.58
Age-standardised all-ages prevalence (%) of VI associated with MMD in each decade*
  Asia (Central) 0.09 0.15 0.23 0.37 0.54 0.76
  Asia (East) 0.08 0.14 0.20 0.28 0.36 0.46
  Asia (South) 0.14 0.22 0.34 0.55 0.87 1.32
  Asia (South-East) 0.16 0.23 0.33 0.50 0.74 1.08
  Asia-Pacific High Income 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10
  Australasia 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.06
  Oceania 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.14 0.21
  Caribbean 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.17
  Latin America (Andean) 0.04 0.05 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.22
  Latin America (Central) 0.04 0.07 0.10 0.14 0.19 0.25
  Latin America (Southern) 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.10 0.14 0.20
  Latin America (Tropical) 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.13 0.17
  North America High Income 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12
  Europe (Central) 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.14 0.20
  Europe (Eastern) 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.14 0.20 0.28
  Europe (Western) 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.05
  North Africa and Middle East 0.07 0.10 0.16 0.25 0.35 0.48
  Sub-Saharan Africa (Central) 0.07 0.10 0.17 0.27 0.45 0.72
  Sub-Saharan Africa (Eastern) 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.11 0.18 0.28
  Sub-Saharan Africa (Southern) 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.12 0.19
  Sub-Saharan Africa (Western) 0.07 0.11 0.17 0.28 0.47 0.75
Global 0.07 0.11 0.17 0.26 0.39 0.58
Crude all-ages prevalence (%) of blindness associated with MMD in each decade
  Asia (Central)0.0260.0410.0620.0990.1480.209
  Asia (East)0.0260.0510.0820.1290.1830.253
  Asia (South)0.0340.0530.0850.1380.2250.362
  Asia (South-East)0.0420.0620.0950.1500.2300.343
  Asia-Pacific High Income0.0110.0180.0260.0360.0500.066
  Australasia0.0050.0070.0100.0140.0190.026
  Oceania0.0040.0060.0090.0150.0260.040
  Caribbean0.0090.0160.0220.0340.0490.071
  Latin America (Andean)0.0100.0150.0230.0360.0520.074
  Latin America (Central)0.0110.0180.0280.0430.0640.093
  Latin America (Southern)0.0130.0190.0280.0400.0580.082
  Latin America (Tropical)0.0090.0150.0240.0360.0530.073
  North America High Income0.0080.0110.0140.0190.0260.036
  Europe (Central)0.0190.0280.0410.0590.0810.109
  Europe (Eastern)0.0220.0320.0450.0660.0880.112
  Europe (Western)0.0040.0070.0100.0130.0180.024
  North Africa and Middle East0.0160.0240.0380.0610.0930.135
  Sub-Saharan Africa (Central)0.0120.0160.0220.0320.0490.078
  Sub-Saharan Africa (Eastern)0.0050.0070.0100.0150.0240.037
  Sub-Saharan Africa (Southern)0.0040.0060.0090.0150.0240.037
  Sub-Saharan Africa (Western)0.0120.0160.0230.0340.0510.080
Global 0.022 0.036 0.056 0.087 0.131 0.192
Age-standardised all-ages prevalence (%) of blindness associated with MMD in each decade*
  Asia (Central)0.0290.0490.0770.1240.1810.256
  Asia (East)0.0250.0440.0650.0910.1160.148
  Asia (South)0.0470.0740.1170.1870.2970.454
  Asia (South-East)0.0520.0760.1130.1710.2510.364
  Asia-Pacific High Income0.0060.0080.0110.0150.0200.026
  Australasia0.0030.0040.0060.0080.0110.016
  Oceania0.0060.0100.0170.0280.0470.073
  Caribbean0.0090.0140.0190.0280.0400.057
  Latin America (Andean)0.0120.0180.0260.0380.0540.072
  Latin America (Central)0.0130.0210.0310.0440.0610.081
  Latin America (Southern)0.0090.0140.0200.0300.0440.061
  Latin America (Tropical)0.0110.0160.0230.0310.0410.053
  North America High Income0.0100.0130.0150.0190.0250.031
  Europe (Central)0.0110.0150.0220.0320.0440.061
  Europe (Eastern)0.0120.0190.0280.0440.0620.090
  Europe (Western)0.0020.0030.0040.0060.0080.012
  North Africa and Middle East0.0220.0340.0530.0830.1170.160
  Sub-Saharan Africa (Central)0.0220.0360.0570.0940.1550.251
  Sub-Saharan Africa (Eastern)0.0090.0140.0230.0390.0630.097
  Sub-Saharan Africa (Southern)0.0060.0090.0150.0260.0410.062
  Sub-Saharan Africa (Western)0.0230.0370.0600.0990.1640.264
Global 0.022 0.036 0.056 0.087 0.131 0.192
  • *Age standardisation was to the global population, but standardisation may not be robust when event rates are low.