Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Regulatory peptides in the eye

  • Reviews
  • Published:
Experientia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Literature

  1. Allen, J. M., McGregor, G. P., Adrian, T. E., Bloom, S. R., Zhang, S. Q., Zhang, S. Q., Ennis, K. W., and Unger, W. G., Reduction of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the rabbit iris-ciliary body after chronic sympathectomy. Exp. Eye Res.37 (1983) 213–215.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Arvidson, B., Retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase in sensory and adrenergic neurons following injection into the anterior eye chamber, J. Neurocyt.8 (1979) 751–764.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Bauer, B., Ehinger, B., Tornqvist, K., and Waga, J., Neurotransmitter release by certain neuropeptides in the chicken retina. Acta ophthalm.63 (1985) 581–587.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Beauvieux, J., and Dupas, J., Étude anatomo-topographique et histologique du ganglion ophtalmique chez l'homme et divers animaux. Archs Ophthalm.43 (1926) 641–671.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bianchi, C., Anand-Srivastava, M. B., De Léan, A., Gutkowska, J., Forthomme, D., Genest, J., and Cantin, M., Localization and characterization of specific receptors for atrial natriuretic factor in the ciliary processes of the eye. Curr. Eye Res.5 (1986) 283–293.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Bill, A., Stjerschantz, J., Mandahl, A., Brodin, E., and Nilsson, G., Substance P: release on trigeminal nerve stimulation, effects in the eye. Acta physiol. scand.106 (1979) 371–373.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Bishop, A. E., Polak, J. M., Yiangou, Y., Christofides, N. D., and Bloom, S. R., The distributions of PHI and VIP in porcine gut and their co-localisation to a proportion of intrinsic ganglion cells. Peptides5 (1984) 255–259.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Bito, L. Z., Species differences in the responses of the eye to irritation and trauma: a hypothesis of divergence in ocular defense mechanisms, and the choice of experimental animals for eye research. Exp. Eye Res.39 (1984) 807–829.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Björklund, H., Fahrenkrug, J., Sieger, Å., Vanderhaeghen, J.-J., and Olson, L., On the origin and distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, peptide HI-, and cholecystokinin-like-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the rat iris. Cell Tiss. Res.242 (1985) 1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Björklund, H., Hoffer, B., Olson, L., Palmer, M., and Seiger, Å., Enkephalin immunoreactivity in iris nerves: distribution in normal and grafted irides, persistence and enhanced fluorescence after denervations. Histochemistry80 (1984) 1–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Björklund, H., Hökfelt, T., Goldstein, M., Terenius, L., and Olson, L., Appearance of the noradrenergic markers tyrosine hydroxylase and neuropeptide Y in cholinergic nerves of the iris following sympathectomy. J. Neurosci.5 (1985) 1633–1643.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Brain, S. D., Williams, T. J., Tippins, J. R., Morris, H. R., and MacIntyre, I., Calcitonin gene-related peptide is a potent vasodilator, Nature313 (1985) 54–56.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Brecha, N. C., Eldred, W., Kuljis, R. O., And Karten, H. J., Identification and localization of biologically active peptides in the vertebrate retina, in: Progress in Retinal Research, vol. 3, chapt. 7, pp. 185–226. Eds N. N. Osborne and G. Chader. Pergamon Press, New York 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Bruun, A., Ehinger, B., Sundler, F., Tornqvist, K., and Uddman, R., Neuropeptide Y immunoreactive neurons in the guinea-pig uvea and retina. Invest. Ophthalm. vis. Sci.25 (1984) 1113–1123.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Butler, J. M., Unger, W. G., and Hammond, B. R., Sensory mediation of the ocular response to neutral formaldehyde. Exp. Eye Res.28 (1979) 577–589.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Castro-Correia, J., Studies on the innervation of the uveal tract. Ophthalmologica154 (1967) 497–520.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Cole, D. F., Bloom, S. R., Burnstock, G., Butler, J. M., McGregor, G. P., Saffrey, M. J., Unger, W. G., and Zhang, S. Q., Increase in SP-like immunoreactivity in nerve fibres of rabbit iris and ciliary body one to four months following sympathetic denervation. Exp. Eye Res.37 (1983) 191–197.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Dick, E., and Miller, R. F., Peptides influence retinal ganglion cells. Neurosci. Lett.26 (1981) 131–35.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Djamgoz, M. B. A., Downing, J. E. G., and Prince, D. J., Physiology of neuroactive peptides in vertebrate retina. Biochem. Soc. Trans.11 (1983) 686–689.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Djamgoz, M. B. A., Stell, W. K., Chin, D.-A., and Lam, D. M.-K., An opiate system in the goldfish retina. Nature292 (1981) 620–623.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Drago, F., Gorgone, G., Spina, F., Panissidi, G., Dal Bello, A., Moro, F., and Scapagnini, U., Opiate receptors in the rabbit iris. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmak.315 (1980) 1–4.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Drago, F., Panissidi, G., Bellomio, R., Dal Bello, A., Aguglia, E., and Gorgone, G., Effects of opiates on intraocular pressure of rabbits and humans. Clin. exp. Pharm. Physiol.12 (1985) 107–113.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Eakins, K. E., Prostaglandin and non-prostaglandin mediated breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier. Exp. Eye Res.25 (1977) 483–498.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Ehinger, B., Ocular and orbital vegetative nerves. Acta physiol. scand.67 (1966) 1–35.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Ehinger, B., Adrenergic nerves to the eye and to related structures, in man and in the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca, irus). Invest. Ophthalm.5 (1966) 42–52.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Ehinger, B., A comparative study of the adrenergic nerves to the anterior eye segment of some primates. Z. Zellforsch.116 (1971) 157–177.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Ehinger, B., Neurotransmitter systems in the retina. Retina2 (1982) 305–321.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Ehinger, B., Functional role of dopamine in the retina, in: Progress in Retinal Research, vol. 2, pp. 213–232. Eds N. N. Osborne and G. J. Chader. Pergamon Press, Oxford 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Ehinger, B., and Falck, B., Innervation of iridic melanophores. Z. Zellforsch.105 (1970) 538–542.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Ehinger, B., Falck, B., and Rosengren, E., Adrenergic denervation of the eye by unilateral cervical sympathectomy. Albrecht v. Graefes Arch. klin. exp. Ophthalm.177 (1969) 206–211.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Ehinger, B., and Sjöberg, N.-O., Development of the ocular adrenergic nerve supply in man and guinea pig. Z. Zellforsch.118 (1971) 579–592.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Eriksen, E. F., and Larsson, L.-I., Neuropeptides in the retina: evidence for differential topographical localization. Peptides2 (1981) 153–157.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Fahrenkrug, J., Bek, T., Lundberg, J. M., and Hökfelt, T., VIP and PHI in cat neurons: co-localization but variable tissue content possible due to differential processing. Reg. Peptides12 (1985) 21–34.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Falck, B., Hillarp, N.-Å., Thieme, G., and Torp, A., Fluorescence of catechol amines and related compounds condensed with formaldehyde. J. Histochem. Cytochem.10 (1962) 348–354.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Fanciullacci, M., Boccuni, M., Pietrini, U., and Sicuteri, F., Search for opiate receptors in human pupil. Int. J. clin. pharmac. Res.1 (1980) 109–113.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Fukuda, M., Presence of adrenergic innervation to the retinal vessels. A histochemical study. Jap. J. Ophtalm.14 (1970) 1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Gibbins, I. L., Furness, J. B., Costa, M., MacIntyre, I., Hillyard, C. J., and Girgis, S., Co-localization of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity with substance P in cutaneous, vascular and visceral sensory neurons of guinea pigs. Neurosci. Lett.57 (1985) 125–130.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Gulbenkian, S., Merighi, A., Wharton, J., Varndell, I. M., and Polak, J. M., Ultrastructure evidence for the coexistence of calcitonin generelated peptide and substance P in secretory vesicles of peripheral nerves in the guinea pig. J. Neurocyt.15 (1986) 535–542.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Gullner, H. G., Campbell, W. B., and Pettinger, W. A., Role of substance P in water homeostasis. Life Sci.24 (1979) 2351–2360.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Hyashi, K., and Masuda, K., Effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and cyclic-AMP on the isolated sphincter pupillae muscles of the albino rabbit. Jap. J. Ophthalm.26 (1982) 437–442.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Hyashi, K., Mochizuki, M., and Masuda, K., Effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and cyclic AMP on isolated dilator pupillae muscle of albino rabbit eye. Jap. J. Ophthalm.27 (1983) 647–654.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Imai, K., Cholinergic innervation of the choroid. Ophthalm. Res.9 (1977) 194–200.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Ishimoto, I., Millar, T., Chubb, I. W., and Morgan, I. G., Somatostatin immunoreactive amacrine cells of chicken retina: retinal mosaic, ultrastructural features, and light-driven variations in peptide metabolism. Neuroscience17 (1986) 1217–1233.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Jacobowitz, D. M., and Laties, A. M., Direct adrenergic innervation of a teleost melanophore. Anat. Rec.162 (1968) 501–504.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Jacobowitz, D. M., and Olschowska, J. A., Bovine pancreatic polypeptide-like immunoreactivity in brain and peripheral nervous system: coexistence with catecholaminergic nerves. Peptides3 (1982) 569–590.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Kass, M. A., and Sears, M. L., Hormonal regulation of intraocular pressure. Surv. Ophthalm.22 (1977) 153–176.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Katayama-Kumoi, Y., Kiyama, H., Emson, P. C., Kimmel, J. R., and Tohyama, M., Coexistence of pancreatic polypeptide and substance P in the chicken retina. Brain Res361 (1985) 25–35.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Katayama-Kumoi, Y., Kiyama, H., Manabe, R., Shiotani, Y., and Tohyama, M., Co-existence of glucagon- and substance, P-like immunoreactivity in the chicken retina. Neuroscience16 (1985) 417–424.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Kessler, J. A., Bell, W. O., and Black, I. B., Interactions between the sympathetic and sensory innervation of the iris. J. Neurosci.3 (1983) 1301–1307.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  50. Koelle, G. B., and Friedenwald, J. S., A histochemical method for localizing cholinesterase activity. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med.70 (1949) 617–622.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Koh, S.-W. M., and Chader, G. J., Elevation of intracellular cyclic AMP and stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity by vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and glucagon in the retinal pigment epithelium. J. Neurochem.43 (1984) 1522–1526.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Kuljis, R. O., Krause, J. E., and Karten, H. J., Peptide-like immunoreactivity in anuran optic nerve fibers. j. comp. Neurol.226 (1984) 222–237.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Kuwayama, Y., Grimes, P. A., Ponte, B., and Stone, R. A., Autonomic neurons supplying the rat eye and the intraorbital distribution of VIP-like immunoreactivity. Exp. Eye Res. (1987) in press.

  54. Kuwayama, Y., and Stone, R. A., Cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity occurs in ocular sensory neurons and partially co-localizes with substance P. Brain Res.381 (1986) 266–274.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Kuwayama, Y., Terenghi, G., Polak, J. M., Trojanowski, J. Q., and Stone, R. A., A quantitative correlation of substance P-, calcitonin gene-related peptide- and cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity with retrogradely labeled trigeminal ganglion cells innervating the eye. Brain Res.405 (1987) 220–226.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Lasater, E. M., Watling, K. J., and Dowling, J. E., Vasoactive intestinal peptide alters membrane potential and cyclic nucleotide levels in retinal horizontal cells. Science221 (1983) 1070–1072.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Laties, A. M., Central retinal artery innervation. Absence of adrenergic innervation to the intraocular branches. Archs Ophthalm.77 (1967) 405–409.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Laties, A. M., Ocular melanin and the adrenergic innervation of the eye. Trans. Am. ophthalm. Soc.72 (1974) 560–605.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Laties, A. M., and Jacobowitz, D., A comparative study of the autonomic innervation of the eye in monkey, cat, and rabbit. Anat. Rec.156 (1966) 383–396.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Leah, J. D., Cameron, A. A., Kelly, W. L., and Snow, P. J., Coexistence of peptide immunoreactivity in sensory neurons of the cat. Neuroscience16 (1985) 683–690.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Lee, Y., Kawai, Y., Shiosaka, S., Takami, K., Kiyama, H., Hillyard, C. J., Girgis, S., MacIntyre, I., Emson, P. C., and Tohyama, M., Coexistence of calcitonin-gene related peptide and substance P-like peptide in single cells of the trigeminal ganglion of the rat: immunohistochemical analysis. Brain Res.330 (1985) 194–196.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Lee, Y., Takami, K., Kawai, Y., Girgis, S., Hillyard, C. J., MacIntype, I., Emson, P. C., and Tohyama, M., Distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the rat peripheral nervous system with reference to its coexistence with substance P. Neuroscience15 (1985) 1227–1237.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Li, H.-B., Marshak, D. W., Dowling, J. E., and Lam, D. M.-K., Colocalization of immunoreactive substance P and neurotensin in amacrine cells of the goldfish retina. Brain Res.366 (1986) 307–313.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Li, H.-B., Watt, C. B., and Lam, D. M.-K., The coexistence of two neuroactive peptides in a subpopulation of retinal amacrine cells. Brain Res.345 (1985) 176–180.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Maggio, J. E., ‘Kassinin’ in mammals: the newest tachykinins. Peptides6 (1985) 237–243.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Mantyh, C. R., Kruger, L., Brecha, N. C., and Mantyh, P. W., Localization of specific binding sites for atrial natriuretic factor in peripheral tissues of the guinea pig, rat, and human. Hypertension8 (1986) 712–721.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Matsuyama, T., Wanaka, A., Yoneda, S., Kimura, K., Kamada, T., Girgis, S., MacIntyre, I., Emson, P. C., and Tohyama, M., Two distinct calcitonin gene-related peptide-containing peripheral nervous systems: distribution and quantitative differences between the iris and cerebral artery with special reference to substance P. Brain Res.373 (1986) 205–212.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Millar, T. J., and Chubb, I. W., Substance P in the chick retina: effects of light and dark. Brain Res.307 (1984) 303–309.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Millar, T. J., Salipan, N., Oliver, J. O., Morgan, J. G., and Chubb, I. W., The concentration of enkephalin-like material in the chick retina is light dependent. Neuroscience13 (1984) 221–226.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Miller, A., Costa, M., Furness, J. B., and Chubb, I. W., Substance P immunoreactive sensory nerves supply the rat iris and cornea. Neurosci. Lett.23 (1981) 243–249.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Miller, A. S., Coster, D. J., Costa, M., and Furness, J. B., Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactive nerve fibres in the human eye. Aust. J. Ophthalm.11 (1983) 185–193.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Mindel, J. S., and Mittag, T. W., Choline acetyltransferase in ocular tissues of rabbits, cats, cattle, and man. Invest. Ophthalm.15 (1976) 808–814.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Mittag, T. W., and Tormay, A., Drug responses of adenylate cyclase in iris-ciliary body determined by adenine labelling. Invest. Ophthalm. vis. Sci.26 (1985) 396–399.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Murray, R. B., Adler, M. W., and Korczyn, A. D., Minireview-The pupillary effects of opioids. Life Sci.33 (1983) 495–509.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Neal, M. J., Cholinergic mechanism in the vertebrate retina, in: Progress in Retinal Research, vol. 3, pp. 191–212. Eds N. N. Osborne and G. J. Chader, Pergamon Press, Oxford 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  76. Nilsson, S. F. E., and Bill, A., Vasoactiove intestinal polypeptide (VIP): effects in the eye and on regional blood flows. Acta physiol. scand.121 (1984) 385–392.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Odin, L., and O'Donnell, F. E. Jr., Adrenergic influence on iris stromal pigmentation: evidence for α-adrenergic receptors. Invest. Ophthalm. vis. Sci.23 (1982) 528–530.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Osborne, N. N., Evidence for serotonin being a neurotransmitter in the retina, in: Biology of Serotonergic Transmission, pp. 401–430. Ed. N. N. Osborne, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., New York 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  79. Osborne, N. N., Patel, S., Terenghi, G., Allen, J. M., Polak, J. M., and Bloom, S. R., Neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactive amacrine cells in retinas of frog and goldfish. Cell Tiss. Res.241 (1985) 651–656.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Pachter, J. A., and Lam, D.M.-K., Interactions between vasoactive intestinal peptide and dopamine in the rabbit retina: stimulation of a common adenylate cyclase. J. Neurochem.46 (1986) 257–264.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Palkama, A., Uusitalo, H., and Lehtosalo, J., Innervation of the anterior segment of the eye: with special reference to functional aspects, in: Neurohistochemistry: Modern Methods and Applications, pp. 587–615. Eds. P. Panula, H. Paivarinta and S. Soinila. Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  82. Perkins, E. S., Influence of the fifth cranial nerve on the intra-ocular pressure of the rabitt eye. Br. J. Ophthalm.41 (1957) 257–300.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Piccone, M., Krupin, T., Wax, M., Stone, R., and Davis, M., Effects of neuropeptide Y on isolated rabbit iris dilator muscle. Invest. Ophthalm. vis. Sci.27 Suppl. (1986) 355.

    Google Scholar 

  84. Polak, J. M., and Bloom, S. R., Regulatory peptides — the distribution of two newly discovered peptides: PHI and NPY. Peptides5 (1984) 79–89.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Quirion, R., Dalpé, M., De Lean, A., Gutkowska, J., Cantin, M., and Genest, J., Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) binding sites in brain and related structures. Peptides5 (1984) 1167–1172.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Ruskell, G. L., Ocular fibres of the maxillary nerve in monkeys. J. Anat.118 (1974) 195–203.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  87. Ruskell, G. L., Facial nerve distribution to the eye. Am. J. Optom. Physiol. Optics62 (1985) 793–798.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Schon, F., Ghatei, M., Allen, J. M., Mulderry, P. K., Kelly, J. S., and Bloom, S. R., The effect of sympathectomy on calcitonin gene-related peptide levels in rat trigeminovascular system. Brain Res.348 (1985) 197–200.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Schorderet, M., Hof, P., and Magistretti, P. J., The effects of VIP on cyclic AMP and glycogen levels in vertebrate retina. Peptides5 (1984) 295–298.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Shimizu, Y., Localization of neuropeptides in the cornea and uvea of the rat: an immunohistochemical study. Cell. molec. Biol.28 (1982) 103–110.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Skofitsch, G., and Jacobowitz, D. M., Calcitonin gene-related peptide coexists with substance P in capsaicin sensitive neurons and sensory ganglia of the rat. Peptides6 (1985) 747–754.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Skofitsch, G., Zamir, N., Helke, C. J., Savitt, J. M., and Jacobowitz, D. M., Corticotropin releasing factor-like immunoreactivity in sensory ganglia and capsaicin sensitive neurons of the rat central nervous system: colocalization with other neuropeptides. Peptides6 (1985) 307–318.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Soloway, M. R., Stjernschantz, J., and Sears, M., The miotic effect of substance P on the isolated rabbit iris. Invest. Ophthalm. vis. Sci.20 (1981) 47–52.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Stjernschantz, J., and Sears, M., Identification of substance P in the anterior uvea and retina of the rabbit. Exp. Eye Res.35 (1982) 401–404.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Stone, R. A., Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and the ocular innervation. Invest. Ophthalm. vis. Sci.27 (1986) 951–957.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Stone, R. A., Neuropeptide Y and the innervation of the human eye. Exp. Eye Res.42 (1986) 349–355.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Stone, R. A., and Glembotski, C. C., Immunoactive atrial natriuretic peptide in the rat eye: Molecular forms in anterior uvea and retina. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun.134 (1986) 1022–1028.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Stone, R. A., and Kuwayama, Y., Substance P-like immunoreactive nerves in the human eye. Archs Ophthalm.103 (1985) 1207–1211.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Stone, R. A., Kuwayama, Y., Laties, A. M., and Marangos, P. J., Neuron-specific enolase-containing cells in the rhesus monkey trabecular meshwork. Invest. Ophthalm. vis. Sci.25 (1984) 1332–1334.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Stone, R. A., Kuwayama, Y., Laties, A. M., McGlinn, A. M., and Schmidt, M. L., Guinea-pig ocular nerves contain a peptide of the cholecystokinin/gastrin family. Exp. Eye Res.39 (1984) 387–391.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Stone, R. A., Kuwayama, Y., Terenghi, G., and Polak, J. M., Calcitonin gene-related peptide: occurrence in corneal sensory nerves. Exp. Eye Res.43 (1986) 279–283.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Stone, R. A., and Laties, A. M., Pancreatic polypeptide-like immunoreactive nerves in the guinea pig eye. Invest. Ophthalm. vis. Sci.24 (1983) 1620–1623.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Stone, R. A., Laties, A. M., and Brecha, N. C., Substance P-like immunoreactive nerves in the anterior segment of the rabbit, cat and monkey eye. Neuroscience7 (1982) 2459–2468.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Stone, R. A., Laties, A. M., and Emson, P. C., Neuropeptide Y and the ocular innervation of rat, guinea pig, cat and monkey. Neuroscience17 (1986) 1207–1216.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Stone, R. A., Tervo, T., Tervo, K., and Tarkkanen, A., Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-like immunoreactive nerves to the human eye. Acta ophthalm.64 (1986) 12–18.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Sunderland, S., and Hughes, E. S. R., The pupillo-constrictor pathway and the nerves to the ocular muscles in man. Brain69 (1946) 301–309.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  107. Suzuki, R., and Kobayashi, S., Vasoactive intestinal peptide and cholinergic neurotransmission in the ciliary muscle. Invest. Ophthalm. vis. Sci.24 (1983) 250–253.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Suzuki, R., and Kobayashi, S., Different effects of substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide on the motor function of bovine intraocular muscles. Invest. Ophthalm. vis. Sci.24 (1983) 1566–1571.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Tatemoto, K., PHI—a new brain-gut peptide. Peptides5 (1984) 151–154.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Terenghi, G., Polak, J. M., Allen, J. M., Zhang, S. Q., Unger, W. G., and Bloom, S. R., Neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive nerves in the uvea of guinea pig and rat. Neurosci. Lett.42 (1983) 33–38.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Terenghi, G., Polak, J. M., Ghatei, M. A., Mulderry, P. K., Butler, J. M., Unger, W. G., and Bloom, S. R., Distribution and origin of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) immunoreactivity in the sensory innervation of the mammalian eye. J. comp. Neurol.233 (1985) 506–516.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. Terenghi, G., Polak, J. M., Probert, L., McGregor, G. P., Ferri, G. L., Blank, M. A., Butler, J. M., Unger, W. G., Zhang, S. Q., Cole, D. F., and Bloom, S. R., Mapping, quantitative distribution and origin of subtance P- and VIP-containing nerves in the uvea of guinea pig eye. Histochemistry75 (1982) 399–417.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Tervo, K., Tervo, T., Eränkö, L., and Cuello, A. C., Immunoreactivity for substance P in the Gasserian ganglion, ophthalmic nerve and anterior and anterior segment of the rabbit eye. Histochem. J.13 (1981) 435–443.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  114. Tervo, K, Tervo, T., Eränkö, L., Eränkö, O., Valtonen, S., and Cuello, A. C., Effect of sensory and sympathetic denervation on substance P immunoreactivity in nerve fibres of the rabbit eye. Exp. Eye Res.34 (1982) 577–585.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  115. Tervo, K., Tervo, T., Eränkö, L., Vannas, A., Cuello, A. C., and Eränkö, O., Substance P-immunoreactive nerves in the human cornea and iris. Invest. Ophthalm. vis. Sci.23 (1982) 671–674.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Tornqvist, K., Mandahl, A., Leander, S., Lorén, I., Håkanson, R., and Sundler, F., Substance P-immunoreactive nerve fibres in the anterior segment of the rabbit eye. Cell Tiss. Res.222 (1982) 467–477.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Uddman, R., Alumets, J., Ehinger, B., Håkanson, R., Lorén, I., and Sundler, F., Vasoactive intestinal peptide nerves in ocular and orbital structures of the cat. Invest. Ophthalm. vis. Sci.19 (1980) 878–885.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Ueda, N., Muramatsu, I., and Fujiwara, M., Dual effects of dynorphin-(1–13) on cholinergic and substance P-ergic transmissions in the rabbit iris sphincter muscle. J. Pharmac. exp. Ther.232 (1985) 545–550.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Ueda, N., Muramatsu, I, Hayashi, H., and Fujiwara, M., Effects of met-enkephalin on the substance P-ergic and cholinergic responses in the rabbit iris sphincter muscle. J. Pharmac. exp. Ther.226 (1983) 507–511.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Unger, W. G., Terenghi, G., Ghatei, M. A., Ennis, K. W., Butler, J. M., Zhang, S. Q., Too, H. P., Polak, J. M., and Bloom, S. R., Calcitonin gene-related peptide as a mediator of the neurogenic ocular injury response, J. ocular Pharmac.1 (1985) 189–199.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Unger, W. G., and Tighe, J., The response of the isolated iris sphincter muscle of various mammalian species to substance P. Exp. Eye Res.39 (1984) 677–684.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  122. Uusitalo, H., Lehtosalo, J., Palkama, A., and Toivanen, M., Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-like immunoreactivity in the human and guinea pig choroid. Exp. Eye Res.38 (1984) 435–437.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. Uusitalo, H., Lehtosalo, J. I., and Palkama, A., Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the anterior uvea of the guinea pig. Ophthalm. Res.17 (1985) 235–240.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Watling, K. J., and Dowling, J. E., Effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide and other peptides on cyclic AMP accumulation in intact pieces and isolated horizontal cells of the teleost retina. J. Neurochem.41 (1983) 1205–1213.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  125. Watt, C. B., Li, H.-B., and Lam, D. M.-K., The presence of three neuroactive peptides in putative glycinergic amacrine cells of an avian retina. Brain Res.348 (1985) 187–191.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  126. Watt, C. B., Ying-yet, T. S., and Lam, D. M.-K., Interactions between enkephalin and GABA in avian retina. Nature311 (1984) 761–763.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  127. Weiler, R., and Ball, A. K., Co-localization of neurotensin-like immunoreactivity and3H-glycine uptake system in sustained amacrine cells of turtle retina. Nature311 (1984) 759–761.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  128. Zhang, S. Q., Terenghi, G., Unger, W. G., Ennis, K. W., and Polak, J., Changes in substance P- and neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive fibres in rat and guinea-pig irides following unilateral sympathectomy. Exp. Eye Res.39 (1984) 365–372.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Scheie Eye Institute, 19104, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    R. A. Stone & A. M. Laties

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Medical School, Osaka, Japan

    Y. Kuwayama

Authors
  1. R. A. Stone
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Y. Kuwayama
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. M. Laties
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Stone, R.A., Kuwayama, Y. & Laties, A.M. Regulatory peptides in the eye. Experientia 43, 791–800 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01945357

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01945357

Key words

Search

Navigation