Correlation between brain tryptophan and plasma neutral amino acid levels following food consumption in rats
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Cited by (145)
The tryptophan catabolite or kynurenine pathway in major depressive and bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis
2022, Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - HealthCitation Excerpt :The amount of TRP which will reach the brain depends not only on the concentrations of peripheral, total and free TRP, but also on CAAs and the TRP/CAAs ratio (Pardridge, 1979; Yuwiler et al., 1977). Brain TRP concentrations are influenced by CAAs since the latter are competing with TRP for transport through the large amino acid transporter 1 (LAT 1) of the blood brain barrier (BBB) (Fernstrom et al., 1973; Pardridge, 1979). In this respect, our study found that the CAAs levels were unaltered in MDD/BD indicating that the lowered TRP/CAAs ratio is explained by lowered TRP.
Effects of dietary amino acids and repeated handling on stress response and brain monoaminergic neurotransmitters in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) juveniles
2012, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - A Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyCitation Excerpt :Therefore, tyrosine and tryptophan will compete for the same carrier as the other LNAA (Boadle-Biber, 1993; Aldegunde et al., 1998, 2000; Fernstrom and Fernstrom, 2007). However, when feeding mammals a diet rich in carbohydrates and poor in protein, the ratio of plasma tryptophan/LNAA increases and gives tryptophan the advantage in the competition for access to the brain (Fernstrom et al., 1973; Fernstrom, 1983). In addition, increased plasma tryptophan levels and plasma tryptophan/LNAA ratios were observed in fish fed tryptophan supplemented diets, when the levels of the other LNAA in those diets were constant (Lepage et al., 2002).
Relationships between large neutral amino acid levels in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, brain microdialysate and brain tissue in the rat
2010, Brain ResearchCitation Excerpt :Fernstrom and Wurtman were the first to report (Fernstrom and Wurtman, 1972) that brain tissue TRP levels in the rat showed a highly significant linear correlation with the ratio serum TRP/Σ (competing LNAAs). This relationship for TRP was confirmed (Fernstrom et al., 1973, 1975) and extended to other LNAAs (TYR, PHE, valine (VAL), leucine, and isoleucine) (Fernstrom et al., 1976; Fernstrom and Faller, 1978). In those early studies, however, fasted rats were typically presented with an acute meal that affected most LNAAs simultaneously (Fernstrom et al., 1976; Fernstrom and Faller, 1978).
Effects of tryptophan supplementation on plasma tryptophan and related hormone levels in heifers and dairy cows
2008, Domestic Animal EndocrinologyAlpha-lactalbumin combined with a regular diet increases plasma Trp-LNAA ratio
2004, Physiology and Behavior