A two-year follow-up study of serum insulinlike growth factor-I in diabetics with retinopathy☆
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Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I axis in type 1 diabetes
2018, Growth Hormone and IGF ResearchCitation Excerpt :It was previously hypothesized that GH hypersecretion in T1D contributes to microangiopathic complications, and indeed studies have shown that T1D patients with GH deficiency have decreased rates of retinopathy [23,24]. However, other growth factors including IGF-I have also been implicated in microangiopathy in T1D [25,26]. TheT1D cohort who received higher dose of IGF-I in the ‘rhIGF-I in the IDDM Study group’ had worsening of early retinopathy [21].
An ocular view of the IGF-IGFBP system
2013, Growth Hormone and IGF ResearchCitation Excerpt :Similarly, long term diabetes have revealed increased IGFBP-3 expression in human tears which can reduce IGF-IR phosphorylation and may be implicated in the pathogenesis of ocular surface complications of the cornea [79]. Studies have established that PDR and accelerated neovascularization is preceded by elevated IGF levels, however serum levels correlating to the pathogenesis of PDR remain controversial [38,80–83]. Serum levels of IGF-I was found to be decreased in retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy [84–91].
Ocular Oxygenation and the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy
2006, Survey of OphthalmologyCitation Excerpt :VEGF is probably most important,102 and in this article we use it to represent all of the hypoxia induced growth factors. Other candidates include insulin-like growth factor-1,17,60,64,95,97,99,149,154 basic fibroblast growth factors,59,103,122,133 platelet-derived growth factor,37,65,67,117 hepatocyte growth factor,14,27,43,96,126 placenta growth factor,63,168 and angiopoietin.50,101 Pigment epithelial growth factor is anti-angiogenic and is downregulated by hypoxia.25,94,132,145
Retinal and choroidal angiogenesis: Pathophysiology and strategies for inhibition
2003, Progress in Retinal and Eye ResearchFree insulin growth factor-I and vascular endothelial growth factor in the vitreous fluid of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy
2002, American Journal of OphthalmologyModulation of retinal endothelial cell behaviour by insulin-like growth factor I and somatostatin analogues: Implications for diabetic retinopathy
2001, Growth Hormone and IGF Research
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Supported by the British Diabetic Association and by a locally organized grant from the Hammersmith Hospital.