Immunoregulatory mechanisms of the eye

doi:10.1016/0165-5728(92)90253-H

Journal of Neuroimmunology

Volume 39, Issue 3, August 1992, Pages 185-200

https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-5728(92)90253-H Get rights and content

Abstract

Immune-priviledged sites, such as the internal compartments of the eye, and perhaps the brain, are physiological adaptations that act to modify systemic immune responses such that effector mechanisms that invoke locally destructive inflammation are suppressed. In the case of the eye, the parenchymal cells of the iris and ciliary body create an intraocular microenvironment that alters both the induction and expression of immunity to antigens placed within the eye. The immunosuppressive properties of the intraocular microenvironment are mediated by cytokines, especially transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ). This cytokine has been demonstrated to endow intraocular antigen-presenting cells with the capacity to induce an atypical or deviant form of immunity to intraocular antigens which is selectively deficient in T cells that mediate delayed hypersensitivity. Moreover, TGFβ, along with other intraocular factors, can impair the intraocular expression of pre-existing cell-mediated immunity by inhibiting antigen-driven activation of primed T cells. The strategies employed by the eye to engender specialized immune responses appropriate to its physiological functions are discussed in terms of other privileged sites such as the brain.

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ReviewImmunoregulatory mechanisms of the eye

Abstract

J. neuroimmunol.

Adv. Immunol.

Gastroenterology

Selective and specific inhibition of 24 h skin reactions in the guinea-pig. I. Immune deviation: description of the phenomenon and the effect of splenectomy

Immunology

Immunologically privileged sites

Adv. Immunol.

In situ suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity: another mechanism for sustaining the immune privilege of the anterior chamber

Immunology

The role of ciliary blood flow and ultrafiltration in aqueous humor formation

Exp. Eye Res.

Organ-resident, nonlymphoid cells suppress proliferation of autoimmune T-helper lymphocytes

Science

Flow cytometric detection of lymphocyte proliferation in eyes with immunogenic inflammation

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

Immune privilege and suppression of immunogenic inflammation in the anterior chamber of the eye

Curr. Eye Res.

Identification of transforming growth factor-beta as an immunosuppressive factor in aqueous humor

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) receptor expression on resting and mitogen-activated T cells

J. Cell Biochem.

The immune response and the eye. III. ACAID can be adoptively transferred by serum

J. Immunol.

The source of proteins in the aqueous humor of the normal rabbit

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

Aqueous humor contains transforming growth factor-β and a small (3500 daltons) inhibitor of thymocyte proliferation

J. Immunol.

Suppression of experimental autoimmune uveitis in mice by induction of Anterior Chamber Associated Immune Deviation with interphotoreceptor retinol binding protein

J. Immunol.

Functional capacity of solid tissue transplants in the brain: evidence for immunological privilege

Dual effect of ciliary body cells on T lymphocyte proliferation

Eur. J. Immunol.

Mammalian ciliary-body epithelial cells in culture produce transforming growth factor-beta

Graefe's Arch. Colin. Exp. Ophthalmol.

Inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation by resident ocular cells

Curr. Eye Res.

Immune privilege extended to allogeneic tumor cells in the vitreous cavity

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

Inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation by aqueous humor

Reg. Immunol.

A reconsideration of immunologic privilege within the anterior chamber of the eye

Transplantation

Immune response to immunization via the anterior chamber of the eye. I. F1 lymphocyte-induced immune deviation

J. Immunol.

Transplantation immunology of the anterior chamber of the eye. I. An intra-ocular graft-versus-host reaction (Immunogenic Anterior Uveitis)

J. Immunol.

Morphologic and ultrastructural examination of I-A+ cells in the murine iris

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

Production of latent transforming growth factor-beta and other inhibitory factors by cultured murine iris and ciliary body cells

Curr. Eye Res.

Analysis of cytotoxic T cell responses to intracameral allogeneic tumors. I. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of cytotoxic precursor and effector cells

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

Immune privilege to MHC disparate tumor grafts in the anterior chamber of the eye. I. Quantitative analysis of intraocular tumor growth and the corresponding delayed hypersensitivity response

Transplantation

Delayed type contactant hypersensitivity elicted in epithelia of vagina, uteri and colon of guina pig

J. Immunol.

Modulation of IL-I, tumor necrosis factor, and C5A-mediated murine neutrophil migration by α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone

J. Immunol.

Immunity to homologous grafted skin. III. The facts of skin homografts transplanted to the brain, to subcutaneous tissue, and to the anterior chamber of the eye

Br. J. Exp. Pathol.

Anterior chamber associated immune deviation induced by soluble antigens

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

Review
Immunoregulatory mechanisms of the eye

Immune response to immunization via the anterior chamber of the eye. I. F₁ lymphocyte-induced immune deviation

Morphologic and ultrastructural examination of I-A⁺ cells in the murine iris