Original articleEvaluation of Inner Retinal Layers in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis or Neuromyelitis Optica Using Optical Coherence Tomography
Section snippets
Study Design and Sampling
This was an observational, prospective cross-sectional study. Participants were recruited from the Department of Neurology of the University of São Paulo Medical School. Approval from the institutional review board ethics committee was obtained for the study. The study followed the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, and informed consent was obtained from all participants. This study is registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov, under identifier NCT01024985 (accessed December 2, 2009).
A total
Results
A total of 301 eyes were evaluated and separated in 5 groups. NMO: 46 eyes from 29 patients with NMO (anti-NMO positive = 22 eyes, only 1 episode of ON = 33 eyes); LETM: 56 eyes from 29 patients with LETM (anti-NMO positive = 20 eyes); MS-ON: 41 eyes of 29 patients with MS previously affected with ON (MS-ON, only 1 episode of ON = 28 eyes); MS non-ON: 74 eyes of 44 patients without previous episodes of ON (MS non-ON); and controls: 84 eyes of 45 controls. Table 1 shows the demographic data of
Discussion
In a large population of patients with NMO spectrum or MS using fd-OCT, we found that both macular RNFL and RGCL+ were statistically thinner in MS with or without ON when compared with normal controls. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that optic nerve demyelination results in retrograde axonal degeneration, culminating in ganglion cell death.24 It also helps supports the notion that axonal and neuronal loss are present even in the eyes of patients with MS without a clinical
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2021, Multiple Sclerosis and Related DisordersCitation Excerpt :Since optic neuritis (ON) is a common feature in both MS and NMOSD patients, previous studies have aimed to discriminate NMOSD from MS based on ophthalmic findings. In particular, through the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT), a high-resolution cross-sectional imaging technique that allows the in vivo measurement of retinal layer thickness (Bennett et al., 2015; Fernandes et al., 2013; Monteiro et al., 2012; Naismith et al., 2009; Ratchford et al., 2009; Shen et al., 2019), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness alterations caused by axonal injury were shown to differ between NMOSD and MS patients (Naismith et al., 2009; Ratchford et al., 2009; Shen et al., 2019). NMOSD patients with a history of ON tended to have significantly lower peripapillary RNFL (pRNFL) thickness values than patients with MS-ON (Bennett et al., 2015; Naismith et al., 2009; Ratchford et al., 2009; Shen et al., 2019).
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Manuscript no. 2012-527.
Financial Disclosure(s): The author(s) have made the following disclosure(s):
D.B.F., none; A.S.R., none; R.N., none; D.W., none; D.C., none; D.C.H., Topcon Corp (Tokyo, Japan); M.L.R.M., none.
Supported by grants from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (grant no. 2009/50174-0); CAPES—Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Nível Superior (no. 4951-10-07), Brasília, Brazil; CNPq—Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (no. 306487/2011-0), Brasília, Brazil; and National Institutes of Health (EY02115). The funding organizations had no role in the design or conduct of this research.