Abstract
Based on recent findings in myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)- and Toll-like receptor (TLR)-knockout mice, Tsuneyasu Kaisho and Shizuo Akira discuss the roles of TLRs and MyD88 in dendritic cell (DC) maturation and cytokine production. Lipopolysaccharide binds TLR4 and can induce DC maturation in the absence of MyD88, whereas CpG DNA binds TLR9 and induces DC maturation in a MyD88-dependent manner.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
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Amino Acid Sequence
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Animals
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Antigens, Differentiation / biosynthesis
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Antigens, Differentiation / genetics*
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Antigens, Differentiation / physiology
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Cell Differentiation / genetics
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Cell Differentiation / immunology
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Dendritic Cells / cytology
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Dendritic Cells / immunology*
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Dendritic Cells / metabolism
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Drosophila Proteins*
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Humans
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Membrane Glycoproteins / deficiency*
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Membrane Glycoproteins / genetics*
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Membrane Glycoproteins / physiology
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred C3H
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Mice, Knockout
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88
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Receptors, Cell Surface / deficiency*
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Receptors, Cell Surface / genetics*
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Receptors, Cell Surface / physiology
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Receptors, Immunologic*
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Toll-Like Receptor 4
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Toll-Like Receptor 9
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Toll-Like Receptors
Substances
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Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
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Antigens, Differentiation
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Drosophila Proteins
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MYD88 protein, human
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Membrane Glycoproteins
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Myd88 protein, mouse
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Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88
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Receptors, Cell Surface
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Receptors, Immunologic
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TLR4 protein, human
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TLR9 protein, human
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Toll-Like Receptor 4
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Toll-Like Receptor 9
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Toll-Like Receptors