The clinicopathologic findings of light and electron microscopic examination of a 78-year-old woman who underwent successful bilateral pars plana vitrectomy for bilateral stage III macular holes are reported. Examination disclosed anatomical repair of the full-thickness macular holes by glial cell proliferation in the left eye. The hole apparently collapsed with no glial cell proliferation in the right eye. The photoreceptors adjacent to the healed macular holes appeared normal. Defects in the internal limiting membrane in the foveal area were noted in both eyes.