Abstract
Topical medications have a very important role in chronic glaucoma treatment. Long-term use of these medications can cause significant changes on ocular surfaces. In this study, the ocular surfaces of 20 control subjects (group I), 20 primary open-angle glaucoma patients (group II) treated (mean 21.20 +/- 1.32 months) with 0.50% timolol maleate, and 20 primary open-angle glaucoma patients (group III) treated (mean 21.70 +/- 1.34 months) with 0.50% timolol maleate + 1% dipivefrin hydrochloride were evaluated. Studied parameters included Schirmer's test, tear break-up time, conjunctiva impression cytology and goblet cell density. These results suggest that long-term applications of topical anti glaucoma medications damage the ocular surface.
MeSH terms
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Administration, Topical
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Adrenergic Agonists / administration & dosage
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Adrenergic Agonists / adverse effects*
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Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / administration & dosage
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Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / adverse effects*
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Adult
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Aged
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Benzalkonium Compounds / administration & dosage
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Cell Count
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Conjunctiva / drug effects*
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Conjunctiva / pathology
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Cornea / drug effects
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Cornea / pathology
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Drug Therapy, Combination
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Epinephrine / administration & dosage
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Epinephrine / adverse effects
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Epinephrine / analogs & derivatives*
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Epithelium / drug effects
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Epithelium / pathology
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Female
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Glaucoma, Open-Angle / drug therapy*
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Humans
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Lacrimal Apparatus / drug effects
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Lacrimal Apparatus / pathology
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Ophthalmic Solutions
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Tears / metabolism
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Timolol / administration & dosage
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Timolol / adverse effects*
Substances
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Adrenergic Agonists
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Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
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Benzalkonium Compounds
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Ophthalmic Solutions
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Timolol
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dipivefrin
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Epinephrine