Free radicals have acquired growing importance in the fields of biology and medicine. They
are produced during many different endogenous and exogenous processes. Mitochondria …

Obesity is a major health problem strongly increasing the risk for various severe related
complications such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory disorders …

Recently, telemedicine has become remarkably important, due to increased deployment and
development of digital technologies. National and international guidelines should consider …

Purpose To assess the accuracy and reliability of smartphone ophthalmoscopy, we
compared the ability of a smartphone ophthalmoscope with that of a slit-lamp biomicroscope …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes and
the leading cause of visual impairment in the working-age population in the Western world …

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial disease that represents the most
common cause of irreversible visual impairment among people over the age of 50 in …

Background Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a naturally occurring glycoprotein
in the body that acts as a growth factor for endothelial cells. It regulates angiogenesis …

Neurotrophic keratitis (NK) is a rare degenerative corneal disease that occurs as a result of
partial or total impairment of trigeminal innervations, leading to a reduction (hypoesthesia) in …

Eye injury is a significant disabling worldwide health problem. Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy
(PVR) is a common complication that develops in up to 40–60% of patients with an open …

Inherited retinal dystrophies, such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP), include a group of relatively
rare hereditary diseases caused by mutations in genes that code for proteins involved in the …