• Glaucoma

Huelle et al (see page 97)

Applying intraoperative aberrometry to calculate intraocular lens power during cataract surgery may not be feasible given the high rate of measurement failure and the low level of agreement across repeated measurements during aphakia.

Meller et al (see page 103)

Acute ocular chemical burns initiate a sequence of wound healing, chronic inflammation and limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). Amniotic membrane transplantation in the acute management promotes wound healing but cannot prevent LSCD in severe cases.

Keenan et al (see page 108)

In a retrospective cross-sectional study of infectious keratitis in South India, resistance to antibiotics appeared to be stable except for a rising fluoroquinolone resistance among methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcal aureus.

Koizumi et al (see page 114)

In a prospective study of cytomegalovirus corneal endotheliitis the authors report a useful effect of topical 0.15% ganciclovir gel in terms of clinical improvement and reduced cytomegalovirus DNA in aqueous humour, without systemic ganciclovir therapy.

Harasymowycz et al (see page 120)

In a prospective study topical prostaglandin agonist treatment was associated with a reversible reduction in a number of corneal biomechanical parameters that might lead to underestimation of the IOP as measured by Goldman Applanation Tonometry.

Fieβ et al (see page 126)

This study showed a comparable success rate of goniotomy and trabeculotomy in younger children and a higher success rate of trabeculectomy over cyclophotocoagulation for older children with primary childhood glaucoma in Northern Tanzania.

Congdon et al (see page 131)

The potential benefits of glaucoma surgery in rural China is limited by poor post-operative follow-up and delays in accessing care, with significant vision loss already present in the majority of patients.

Enders et al (see page 138)

In large optic discs, minimum rim width, based on Bruch's membrane opening, is thinner compared to normal sized discs. Disc size does not influence the amount of age-dependent loss of the neuro-retinal rim.

Garcí­a-Montesinos et al (see page 143)

Reversible biomechanical changes were observed, in vivo, in optic nerve head deep structures in eyes suffering nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. These included Bruch's membrane opening distension and backward lamina cribrosa displacement that reverse with edema resolution.

Hollo et al (see page 150)

In this population, comprising normal eyes and those with OHT and predominantly mild-to-moderate glaucoma, both Octopus normal and TOP strategies provided similar, moderate-to-strong negative correlation between the corresponding uncorrected cluster-defect and sector-RNFLT values for all 10 manufacturer-provided clusters.

Keenan et al (see page 155)

Obstructive sleep apnoea and primary open angle glaucoma are not associated in the English population. However, obstructive sleep apnoea does significantly increase the risk of neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Zinkernagel et al (see page 160)

This study evaluated the individual retinal thickness changes in acute macular neuroretinopathy. It illustrates characteristic quantitative changes in the outer plexiform layer, the outer nuclear layer and the photoreceptor-complex at initial presentation and during follow up indicating permanent photoreceptor-cells-bodies loss while the photoreceptor-inner and outer segments seem to partially recover.

Chhablani et al (see page 166)

Three monthly off-label injections of intravitreal ziv-aflibercept in treatment of diabetic macular edema is safe and efficacious without any systemic side effects. Intravitreal ziv-aflibercept could be a less expensive alternative, especially in countries where aflibercept is not available.

Paques et al (see page 170)

In 11 eyes from 10 patients with severe macular edema due to diabetic retinopathy or retinal vein occlusion, capillary macroaneurysms detected by indocyanine green angiography were photocoagulated, which led to significant functional and anatomical improvement without additional treatment for 9 eyes.

Denniston et al (see page 175)

OCT derived measurements of vitreous inflammation decrease with clinical resolution of inflammation in CMO, providing a quantitative and objective marker of disease activity in uveitis.

Noma et al (see page 180)

In branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) patients with macular edema, the aqueous flare value may be influenced by inflammatory factors/cytokines and could be an index of the long-term prognosis of BRVO.

Chee et al (see page 186)

The positive correlation of subfoveal choroidal thickness with indocyanine green angiography evidence of activity in chronic VKH may facilitate the optimization of therapy in these eyes.

Akuffo et al (see page 190)

Macular pigment relates positively to visual function in age-related macular degeneration- afflicted eyes of unsupplemented subjects, suggesting that augmentation of macular pigment may enhance vision in patients with this condition.

Schmidt-Erfurth et al (see page 198)

Identifying characteristics of drusen development preceding progression of agerelated macular degeneration.

Biewald et al (see page 204)

In a retrospective case series of 200 patients with large uveal melanoma endoresection with preoperative stereotactic gamma knife radiosurgery proved to be a save procedure with regard to local tumour control, with the added benefit of preserving useful vision in approximately 50% of the cases.

Saleh et al (see page 209)

The incidence of eyelid basal cell carcinomas over an 11-year period in the English population is reported. More than 33,000 cases occurred and their current frequency and distribution are presented.

Allen et al (see page 213)

Conjunctival biopsy may be an effective proxy for punctal biopsy in patients with presumed idiopathic punctal stenosis.

Golebiowski et al (see page 218)

While circulating sex hormone levels were not independently associated with symptoms of dry eye, serum oestrogen levels appear to be a key factor in signs of Meibomian gland dysfunction in postmenopausal women with dry eye.

Batty et al (see page 223)

The P100 latency evoked by binocular patterns could be used as a predictor of post-compensation stereoacuity loss in presbyopia.

Galor et al (see page 227)

Neuropathic ocular pain symptom severity associates with chronic overlapping pain conditions and psychiatric disease.

Nakazawa et al (see page 232)

Skin autofluorescence was associated with visual field damage in relatively young patients with open-angle glaucoma, suggesting that early protection from oxidative stress might be a promising glaucoma therapy.