Article Text
Abstract
Objective What is the proportion of antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-Ab) in optic neuritis (ON) in adults and what would be the ON presentation for which MOG-Ab should be tested?
Methods Multicentric prospective study conducted during 1 year on all patients diagnosed with acute ON in all ophthalmological units in hospitals in a region in western France.
Results Sixty-five patients were included. MOG-Ab prevalence was 14% (9/65) during an acute ON and 13% (7/55) after exclusion of patients already diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) (8) or MOG+ON (2). Compared with MS and clinically isolated syndrome, MOG+ON had no female preponderance (67% of men in case of MOG+ON and 22% of men in case of MS and clinically isolated syndrome, p<0.05) were more often bilateral (44% vs 3%, p<0.005) and associated with optic disc swelling (ODS) (78% vs 14%, p<0.001). To predict MOG+ON, the positive predictive values (PPVs) of male sex, ODS and bilateral involvement were 29% (95% CI 9% to 48%), 41% (95% CI 18% to 65%) and 40% (95% CI 10% to 70%), respectively, while the negative predictive values (NPV) were 93% (95% CI 86% to 100%), 96% (95% CI 90% to 100%) and 91% (95% CI 83% to 99%), respectively. The combined factor ‘ODS or bilateral or recurrent ON’ was the best compromise between PPV (31% (95% CI 14% to 48%)) and NPV (100% (95% CI 100% to 100%)).
Conclusion Among ON episodes, MOG-Ab were found in 14% of cases. MOG+ON occurred without female preponderance and was significantly associated with ODS and/or bilateral ON. Testing MOG-Ab only in patients presenting with ODS or bilateral or recurrent ON would limit MOG-Ab tests to fewer than half of all patients without the risk of missing any MOG+ON cases.
- Optic neuritis
- Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
- Aquaporin-4
- Neuromyelitis optica
- Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
- Multiple sclerosis
- Prevalence
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Footnotes
Contributors J-BD designed the study; acquired, analysed and interpreted the data; wrote the draft; invited coauthors to revise the draft; and approved the final version to be published. PL and SW designed the study; acquired, analysed and interpreted the data; revised the draft; and approved the final version to be published. AC, RA, GP, YO, SS-M, LP, CLJ, LB, SA, RB, MD acquired the data, revised the draft and approved the final version to be published. RM, MW and GLM analysed and interpreted the data, revised the draft and approved the final version to be published.
Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.
Competing interests None declared.
Patient consent for publication Not required.
Ethics approval The study was approved by a national ethics committee (comité de protection des personnes Ile de France 2: projet de recherche n°2017-10-09 RIPH 3) and conducted in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.
Data availability statement Data are available upon request.
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