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Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy on choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) complicating central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) using multimodal imaging, and to identify possible predictive factors of the treatment response.
Design Retrospective study.
Methods Data of 27 eyes with CNV complicating CSC treated with anti-VEGF therapy (either ranibizumab or aflibercept) were reviewed. Response to anti-VEGF treatment was evaluated by change in visual acuity, intra/subretinal fluid modifications and CNV changes on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify predictive factors for central retinal thickness (CRT) change and for the relative degree of treatment response (complete, incomplete or absent fluid reduction).
Results CRT was significantly reduced at 32±15 days after 2.8±1.3 injections (p=0.0004) as was the subretinal fluid (p=0002). Complete fluid resorption was observed in 45% of cases. Best corrected visual acuity did not significantly improve (p=0.18). CNV area (p=0.09) and CNV flow area (p=0.07) did not significantly decrease. No changes in CNV pattern were noted. Univariate analysis identified greater CRT at baseline (p<0.0001), greater amount of subretinal fluid (p<0.0001), a shorter period of retinal fluid (p=0.04) and female gender (p=0.04) as predictors for CRT reduction. After multivariate analysis the factor of greater CRT at baseline (p<0.0001) proved independent. The degree of treatment response was dependent on the size of CNV surface (p=0.05) and flow area (p=0.05) on OCTA in the univariate analysis, and the latter independent after multivariate analysis. In addition, a shorter time period of retinal fluid appeared to play a role (p=0.01 multivariate, p=0.19 univariate).
Conclusion The anti-VEGF response was highly variable and often incomplete, suggesting that CNV was not solely responsible for the fluid accumulation. Predictive factors may guide indication for anti-VEGF in CNV associated with CSC.
- neovascularisation
- retina
- choroid
- treatment other
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Footnotes
Contributors KR and IM contributed to the design of the study, to the acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data, to writing, revising and final approval of the work. FBC, AM and AD contributed to the acquisition of data, to the obtainment of the Ethics Committee of the Swiss Federal Department of Health approval, to the writing, revising and final approval of the work. MZ and ME contributed to the acquisition of data, to the writing, revising and final approval of the work.
Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.
Competing interests None declared.
Patient consent for publication Not required.
Ethics approval Swiss Federal Department of Health (No CER-VD 19/15 and 20/15). A waiver for consent was obtained.
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.
Data availability statement All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as supplementary information.
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