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Glaucoma
Association between corneal hysteresis and glaucoma in a Japanese population: the Hisayama Study
  1. Kohta Fujiwara1,2,
  2. Emi Ueda1,2,
  3. Jun Hata1,3,
  4. Satoko Nakano4,
  5. Sawako Hashimoto1,2,
  6. Shun Nakamura1,2,
  7. Yusuke Murakami2,
  8. Toshiaki Kubota4,
  9. Takeshi Yoshitomi5,
  10. Toshiharu Ninomiya1,3,
  11. Koh-Hei Sonoda2
  1. 1 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
  2. 2 Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
  3. 3 Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
  4. 4 Department of Ophthalmology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu-City, Oita, Japan
  5. 5 Department of Orthoptics, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka, Japan
  1. Correspondence to Dr Kohta Fujiwara; fujiwara.kohta.103{at}m.kyushu-u.ac.jp

Abstract

Aims To investigate the association between corneal hysteresis and the presence of glaucoma and its subtypes in a general Japanese population.

Methods We analysed the data of 2338 Japanese community-dwellers aged ≥40 years (1059 men, 1279 women) who underwent an eye examination in 2018 as part of the population-based, cross-sectional Hisayama Study. Participants were divided into quartile levels of corneal hysteresis, which had been measured with an ocular response analyzer. Glaucoma was defined based on the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology criteria. We conducted a logistic regression analysis to determine the ORs and their 95% CIs for the presence of outcomes according to the corneal hysteresis quartiles.

Results Glaucoma was diagnosed in 154 participants: primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), n=115; primary angle-closure glaucoma, n=17; exfoliation glaucoma, n=21 and secondary glaucoma without exfoliation glaucoma, n=1. After adjustment for confounders, the OR for prevalent glaucoma was significantly increased in the participants in the first corneal-hysteresis quartile compared with those in the fourth quartile (OR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.03 to 3.17). Regarding glaucoma subtypes, the first-quartile participants had significantly greater likelihoods of the presence of POAG (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.02 to 2.61) and exfoliation glaucoma (OR: 6.49; 95% CI: 1.44 to 29.30) compared with those in the third and fourth quartiles after adjustment for potential confounders.

Conclusions These results demonstrated a significant inverse association between corneal hysteresis and the likelihood of glaucoma, suggesting that the measurement of corneal hysteresis would provide useful information for elucidating the aetiology of glaucoma.

  • Glaucoma
  • Epidemiology

Data availability statement

All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as supplementary information.

https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2023-323987

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    Data availability statement

    All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as supplementary information.

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors KF, JH, TN and K-HS contributed to conception and design. KF, EU, SNakan, SNakam, SH and TK contributed to data collection. KF, TN and K-HS contributed to analysis and interpretation. KF contributed to writing the article. KF and EU contributed to literature search. KF, JH, TN and K-HS contributed to critical revision of the article. KF, YM, JH, TK, TY, TN and K-HS contributed to final approval of the article. KF and TN contributed to statistical expertise. KF, K-HS and TN contributed to obtaining funding. KF and K-HS accept full responsibility for the work and/or the conduct of the study.

    • Funding This study was supported in part by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP21H03200, JP21K07522, JP21K11725, JP21K10448, JP22K07421, JP22K17396, JP23K09692, JP23K09717, JP23K16330, JP23K06787 and JP23K09060); by the Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan (JPMH23FA1006 and JPMH23FA1022) and by the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP23dk0207053, JP23km0405209); by JST Grant Number (JPMJPF2210) and by a grant from the foundation juridical person Kaibara Morikazu Medical Science Promotion Foundation.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Supplemental material This content has been supplied by the author(s). It has not been vetted by BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) and may not have been peer-reviewed. Any opinions or recommendations discussed are solely those of the author(s) and are not endorsed by BMJ. BMJ disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the content. Where the content includes any translated material, BMJ does not warrant the accuracy and reliability of the translations (including but not limited to local regulations, clinical guidelines, terminology, drug names and drug dosages), and is not responsible for any error and/or omissions arising from translation and adaptation or otherwise.