A 60-year-old Caucasian man presented with unilateral vitritis and retinitis. HIV was subsequently diagnosed, and the CD4+ count was high at 260 cells/μl. Serological, aqueous and vitreous testing for cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes viruses were normal. The patient was treated for presumed CMV retinitis with intravitreal ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir, but there was no response to therapy. After 6 months, the vitritis and retinitis persisted, and the CD4+ count remained at 210 cells/μL. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was commenced, and the retinitis resolved over the following two months. The patient subsequently developed a homonymous hemianopic …