Aims To assess specific clinical criteria in patients with uveitis that are related to signs of sarcoidosis on ¹⁸F-labelled fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (¹⁸F-FDG-PET).

Methods Retrospective study of 54 consecutive patients with chronic uveitis for whom a PET scan was done because of suspected sarcoidosis, between July 2004 and December 2009. All the patients underwent a clinical examination, biological tests and a high-resolution CT of the chest.

Results 17 of the 54 patients (31.5%) presented hypermetabolic foci on ¹⁸F-FDG-PET scan consistent with sarcoidosis. Among them eight patients (14.8%) underwent biopsy showing non-caseating granuloma. At the end of the study, 10 patients (18.5%) were considered as having a presumed sarcoidosis and seven patients (12.9%) as having indeterminate sarcoidosis. The increasing age at the diagnosis of uveitis (p=0.01), the presence of posterior synechiae (p=0.01) and a positive high-resolution CT of the chest (p=0.01) were significantly related to an abnormal PET scan.

Conclusions Increasing age at the diagnosis of uveitis, the presence of posterior synechiae and the positivity of high-resolution chest CT are associated with ¹⁸F-FDG PET scan signs consistent with sarcoidosis.