TY - JOUR T1 - Decreased tear volume in patients with metabolic syndrome: the Osaka study JF - British Journal of Ophthalmology JO - Br J Ophthalmol SP - 418 LP - 420 DO - 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-303953 VL - 98 IS - 3 AU - Motoko Kawashima AU - Miki Uchino AU - Norihiko Yokoi AU - Murat Dogru AU - Yuichi Uchino AU - Aoi Komuro AU - Yukiko Sonomura AU - Hiroaki Kato AU - Shigeru Kinoshita AU - Kazuo Tsubota Y1 - 2014/03/01 UR - http://bjo.bmj.com/content/98/3/418.abstract N2 - Dry eye is highly prevalent worldwide and its incidence is known to increase with age. Several clinical studies have demonstrated reduced tear secretion in older people, indicating that lacrimal gland function decreases gradually with age.1 It has been reported that Excess caloric intake accelerates the aging process, and increases the risks for age-related diseases.2 Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disorder defined by a cluster of interconnected factors that increase the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Unfortunately, dry eye is often overlooked in this context and no study has investigated whether tear secretion decreases in MetS. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2011 among all employees of a company in Osaka, Japan (N=672; age range 26–64 years). Tear volume was measured using the Schirmer 1 method. Participants aged ≥40 years were also examined for MetS.3 MetS was diagnosed using the Japanese criteria defined in 2008. Briefly, the … ER -