TY - JOUR T1 - Universal artificial intelligence platform for collaborative management of cataracts JF - British Journal of Ophthalmology JO - Br J Ophthalmol SP - 1553 LP - 1560 DO - 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-314729 VL - 103 IS - 11 AU - Xiaohang Wu AU - Yelin Huang AU - Zhenzhen Liu AU - Weiyi Lai AU - Erping Long AU - Kai Zhang AU - Jiewei Jiang AU - Duoru Lin AU - Kexin Chen AU - Tongyong Yu AU - Dongxuan Wu AU - Cong Li AU - Yanyi Chen AU - Minjie Zou AU - Chuan Chen AU - Yi Zhu AU - Chong Guo AU - Xiayin Zhang AU - Ruixin Wang AU - Yahan Yang AU - Yifan Xiang AU - Lijian Chen AU - Congxin Liu AU - Jianhao Xiong AU - Zongyuan Ge AU - Dingding Wang AU - Guihua Xu AU - Shaolin Du AU - Chi Xiao AU - Jianghao Wu AU - Ke Zhu AU - Danyao Nie AU - Fan Xu AU - Jian Lv AU - Weirong Chen AU - Yizhi Liu AU - Haotian Lin Y1 - 2019/11/01 UR - http://bjo.bmj.com/content/103/11/1553.abstract N2 - Purpose To establish and validate a universal artificial intelligence (AI) platform for collaborative management of cataracts involving multilevel clinical scenarios and explored an AI-based medical referral pattern to improve collaborative efficiency and resource coverage.Methods The training and validation datasets were derived from the Chinese Medical Alliance for Artificial Intelligence, covering multilevel healthcare facilities and capture modes. The datasets were labelled using a three-step strategy: (1) capture mode recognition; (2) cataract diagnosis as a normal lens, cataract or a postoperative eye and (3) detection of referable cataracts with respect to aetiology and severity. Moreover, we integrated the cataract AI agent with a real-world multilevel referral pattern involving self-monitoring at home, primary healthcare and specialised hospital services.Results The universal AI platform and multilevel collaborative pattern showed robust diagnostic performance in three-step tasks: (1) capture mode recognition (area under the curve (AUC) 99.28%–99.71%), (2) cataract diagnosis (normal lens, cataract or postoperative eye with AUCs of 99.82%, 99.96% and 99.93% for mydriatic-slit lamp mode and AUCs >99% for other capture modes) and (3) detection of referable cataracts (AUCs >91% in all tests). In the real-world tertiary referral pattern, the agent suggested 30.3% of people be ‘referred’, substantially increasing the ophthalmologist-to-population service ratio by 10.2-fold compared with the traditional pattern.Conclusions The universal AI platform and multilevel collaborative pattern showed robust diagnostic performance and effective service for cataracts. The context of our AI-based medical referral pattern will be extended to other common disease conditions and resource-intensive situations. ER -