PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Hung-Da Chou
AU  - Tsung-Chieh Yao
AU  - Yu-Shu Huang
AU  - Chung-Ying Huang
AU  - Men-Ling Yang
AU  - Ming-Hui Sun
AU  - Hung-Chi Chen
AU  - Chun-Hsiu Liu
AU  - Shih-Ming Chu
AU  - Jen-Fu Hsu
AU  - Kuan-Jen Chen
AU  - Yih-Shiou Hwang
AU  - Chi-Chun Lai
AU  - Wei-Chi Wu
TI  - Myopia in school-aged children with preterm birth: the roles of time spent outdoors and serum vitamin D
AID  - 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-315663
DP  - 2021 Apr 01
TA  - British Journal of Ophthalmology
PG  - 468--472
VI  - 105
IP  - 4
4099  - http://bjo.bmj.com/content/105/4/468.short
4100  - http://bjo.bmj.com/content/105/4/468.full
SO  - Br J Ophthalmol2021 Apr 01; 105
AB  - Aims To analyse the factors associated with myopia in school-aged children with preterm birth and with or without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).Methods Children born prematurely between January 2010 and December 2011 were enrolled in this cross-sectional study when they reached school age between April 2017 and June 2018 in a referral centre. The main parameters were cycloplegic refraction, time spent outdoors and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration.Results A total of 99 eyes from 99 children with a mean age of 6.8 years underwent analysis. The average time spent outdoors was significantly higher in the non-myopic group (0.9 ± 0.5 hours/day) than in the myopic group (0.7 ± 0.3 hours/day) (p = 0.032). After adjustment for age, sex, number of myopic parents, ROP severity, near-work time and serum 25(OH)D concentration, more time spent outdoors was correlated with a lower odds of myopia (OR, 0.13 per additional hour per day; 95% CI, 0.02–0.98; p = 0.048). Mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations were similar between the myopic and non-myopic groups (49.7 ± 13.6 and 48.8 ± 14.0 nmol/mL; p = 0.806) and were not correlated with spherical equivalence power (r = −0.09; p = 0.418). Vitamin D insufficiency was present in 57% of the participants.Conclusions Among preterm children with or without ROP, more time spent outdoors was associated with lower odds of myopia. The serum 25(OH)D concentration was not associated with myopia, but a high proportion of the participants had insufficient levels.