PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Malena Daich Varela
AU  - Burak Esener
AU  - Shaima A Hashem
AU  - Thales Antonio Cabral de Guimaraes
AU  - Michalis Georgiou
AU  - Michel Michaelides
TI  - Structural evaluation in inherited retinal diseases
AID  - 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319228
DP  - 2021 Dec 01
TA  - British Journal of Ophthalmology
PG  - 1623--1631
VI  - 105
IP  - 12
4099  - http://bjo.bmj.com/content/105/12/1623.short
4100  - http://bjo.bmj.com/content/105/12/1623.full
SO  - Br J Ophthalmol2021 Dec 01; 105
AB  - Ophthalmic genetics is a field that has been rapidly evolving over the last decade, mainly due to the flourishing of translational medicine for inherited retinal diseases (IRD). In this review, we will address the different methods by which retinal structure can be objectively and accurately assessed in IRD. We review standard-of-care imaging for these patients: colour fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence imaging and optical coherence tomography (OCT), as well as higher-resolution and/or newer technologies including OCT angiography, adaptive optics imaging, fundus imaging using a range of wavelengths, magnetic resonance imaging, laser speckle flowgraphy and retinal oximetry, illustrating their utility using paradigm genotypes with on-going therapeutic efforts/trials.