PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Carla Lanca
AU  - Chen Hsin Sun
AU  - Rachel Chong
AU  - Yee Ling Wong
AU  - Monisha Esther Nongpiur
AU  - Hla M Htoon
AU  - Sahil Thakur
AU  - Debra Q Y Quek
AU  - Ching-Yu Cheng
AU  - Quan V Hoang
AU  - Charumathi Sabanayagam
AU  - Seang-Mei Saw
AU  - Chee Wai Wong
TI  - Visual field defects and myopic macular degeneration in Singapore adults with high myopia
AID  - 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-318674
DP  - 2021 Apr 22
TA  - British Journal of Ophthalmology
PG  - bjophthalmol-2020-318674
4099  - http://bjo.bmj.com/content/early/2022/02/06/bjophthalmol-2020-318674.short
4100  - http://bjo.bmj.com/content/early/2022/02/06/bjophthalmol-2020-318674.full
AB  - Aims To characterise the association between visual field (VF) defects and myopic macular degeneration (MMD) in highly myopic adults without glaucoma.Methods Participants (n=106; 181 eyes) with high myopia (HM; spherical equivalent ≤−5.0 D or axial length (AL) ≥26 mm), after excluding glaucoma and glaucoma suspects, from the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases-HM study were included in this cross-sectional study. Humphrey VF (central 24–2 threshold), cup-disc ratio (CDR) and intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements were performed. Mean deviation (MD) and pattern SD (PSD), VF defects (normal or abnormal; p<0.05 in ≥3 non-edge contiguous locations) and pattern (eg, generalised sensitivity loss) were analysed. MMD presence was diagnosed from fundus photographs. Generalised estimating equations were used for analysing factors (MD, PSD, VF defects, CDR and IOP) associated with MMD.Results Mean age was 55.4±9.9 years and 51.9% were women (AL=26.7±1.1 mm). MMD eyes had lower MD (−3.8±2.9 dB vs −1.1±1.4 dB) and higher PSD (2.8±1.7 dB vs 1.7±0.6 dB). A higher percentage of MMD eyes (n=48) had abnormal VF (62.5% vs 28.6%; p<0.001) compared with no MMD (n=133 eyes). VF pattern in MMD eyes was significantly different from eyes without MMD (p=0.001) with greater generalised sensitivity loss (53.3% vs 10.5%) and arcuate defects (16.7% vs 10.5%). In multivariate analyses, MD (OR=1.52) and PSD (OR=1.67) were significantly (p=0.003) associated with MMD, but VF defects were not associated with MMD.Conclusion Highly myopic adults with MMD may have VF loss when compared with highly myopic patients without MMD even in adults without glaucoma.All data relevant to the study are included in the article or available on reasonable request.