Table 4

Comparison of reproducibility of subjective and objective refraction in adults¹⁴ with reproducibility of Retinomax measured values in children

	Study	Subjects	Mean SD (D)	95% limits (D)
Sphere	Subjective refraction	Rosenfield and Chiu14		Adult (n=12)	0.14	+/− 0.27
	Objective refraction	Rosenfield and Chiu14			0.16	+/− 0.31
	Retinomax measured values	Present study	Child (n=43)	0.42	+/− 0.82
Cylinder	Subjective refraction	Rosenfield and Chiu14		Adult (n=12)	0.08	+/− 0.16
	Objective refraction	Rosenfield and Chiu14			0.19	+/− 0.37
	Retinomax measured values	Present study	Child (n=43)	0.24	+/− 0.47
Spherical equivalent	Subjective refraction	Rosenfield and Chiu14		Adult (n=12)	0.15	+/− 0.29
	Objective refraction	Rosenfield and Chiu14			0.14	+/− 0.27
	Retinomax measured values	Present study	Child (n=43)	0.39	+/− 0.76

Mean SD = standard deviation of each subject’s five measurements of the right eye was determined, and the mean of the standard deviations was calculated.
95% Limits=1.96 times the mean SD.
↵Following each of five subjective refractions, each subject had 25 measurements taken with the Canon R-1 autorefractor. Each of the five measured values of objective refraction were calculated as the mean of 25 measurements.
↵The first five Retinomax measured values on each subject were analysed according to the methods of Rosenfield and Chiu.14Only subjects with at least five measured values were included (43/45).