Clinical and neuroradiological findings of children suffering from permanent cerebral visual impairment
Patient No | Sex | Age (months) | Type of cerebral palsy | Type of analysis | Findings on neuroimaging | Refraction right eye (SE) | Refraction left eye (SE) | Cover test |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | F | 116 | Spastic tetraplegia | MRI and CT scan | Parietal and occipital PVL associated with corpum callusum hypoplasy | SF −7.25 | SF −7.00 | NP |
| 2 | M | 84 | Spastic tetraplegia | MRI and CT scan | Diffuse retarded myelination associated with corpum callusum dysplasy | SF +1.00 | SF +0.50 | XT LE |
| 3 | F | 72 | Spastic tetraplegia | MRI | Diffuse PVL along the left optic radiation with posterior horn ventricle dilatation (L>R) | SF +0.25 | SF +1.50 | XT # ET RE DVD |
| 4 | F | 54 | Hypotonic tetraplegia | MRI and CT scan | Microcephaly with diffuse retarded myelination | SF −1.00 | SF −1.00 | Orth # ET RE DVD |
| 5 | M | 70 | Spastic tetraplegia | MRI | Severe cerebral atrophy with frontal and occipital ventricle dilatation | SF +1.25 | SF +1.25 | Orthotropia |
| 6 | F | 21 | Left spastic hemiplegia | MRI and CT scan | Cyst secundary to right hemispherectomy (former right hemimegalencephaly) | SF +1.50 | SF +0.75 | Orth # XT LE |
| 7 | F | 49 | Spastic tetraplegia | MRI and CT scan | Extended occipital encephalocele | SF + 2.00 | SF +2.00 | Orth # XT RE |
| 8 | F | 45 | Spastic tetraplegia | MRI | Pontocerebellar atrophy associated with posterior ventricle dilatation | SF +1.50 | SF +1.50 | Orth # XT RE |
| 9 | M | 54 | Spastic tetraplegia | MRI and CT scan | Extended bilateral cerebral atrophy with posterior ventricle dilatation | SF +3.00 | SF +3.00 | Orth # ET LE |
| Optic disc colour | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cover test near | Pattern of nystagmus | Pupil reflex | RE | LE |
| NP | Nystagmoid eye movements | N | Pallor | Pallor |
| XT LE | N | Pallor | Pallor | |
| XT # ET RE DVD | Latens | N | Temporal pallor | Temporal pallor |
| Orth # ET RE DVD | Latens | N | Mild pallor | Mild pallor |
| Orthotropia | N | N | N | |
| Orth # XT LE | Manifest rotatory | Sluggish | Temporal pallor | Temporal pallor |
| Orth #XT RE | Latens | N | Chalk white | Chalk white |
| Orth # XT RE | Sluggish | Pallor | Pallor | |
| Orth # ET LE | N | Optic disc hypoplasia | Optic disc hypoplasia | |
PVL = periventricular leucomalacia; L>R = left side more than right side; DVD = dissociated vertical deviation;Orth # XT = variable angle from orthotropia to exotropia; Orth # ET = variable angle from orthotropia to esotropia; XT # ET = dyskinetic strabismus from exotropia to esotropia; N = normal; NP = not possible; SE = spheric equivalent.