Summary of the immunohistochemical findings for cyclin D1 and related G1-S phase proteins in the normal retina, untreated retinoblastoma, and untreated choroidal melanoma
| Normal retina | Retinoblastoma | Normal choroid | Choroidal melanoma | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cyclin D1 | GCL positive | negative | negative | positive (2–75%) |
| pRB | all layers positive | negative | negative | positive (5–65%) |
| p53 | GCL positive | PDA>MDA>WDA | negative | positive (2–30%) |
| p21 | all layers positive | PDA and MDA | lymphocytes only | positive (5–30%) |
| p16 | GCL positive | PDA and MDA | negative | positive (5–25%) |
| BCL-2 | GCL, BC and PA positive | GC | lymphocytes only | positive (100%) |
| MIB-1 | NA | PDA (80%) | NA | 5–50% |
| MDA (30%) | ||||
| WDA (5%) |
pRB = retinoblastoma protein; GCL = ganglion cell layer; BC = bipolar cells; PA = perivascular astrocytes; GC = glial cells; PDA = poorly differentiated area; MDA = moderately differentiated area; WDA = well differentiated area. NA = not applicable.
↵Percentages in parentheses represent the number of tumour cells per 100 positive for the various markers.