Table 2

Pupillary autonomic denervation with increasing duration of diabetes mellitus. Summary of pupillary measurements, disease and controls groups

		Dark adapted pupil size (mm)		p Value				% Pupil constriction with pilocarpine 0.1%		p Value		% Pupil dilatation with cocaine 4%		p Value
		Mean	Range	p Value				Mean	Range	p Value		Mean	Range	p Value
IDDM:
<5 years' duration	6.30	5.14–7.42			0.4	0–7.0			18.0	6.0–39.0
Groups 1–3	6.70	3.33–8.66	0.014		0.4	0–13.0	0.454		16.8	6.0–60.0	0.318
<10 years' duration	5.76	3.56–6.85			13.6	0–50.0			15.3	3.0–60.0
Groups 1–3	6.70	3.33–8.66	0.0001		0.6	0–13.0	<0.0001		16.3	6.0–60.0	0.248
<15 years' duration	6.00	3.33–8.33			10.5	0–29.0			12.6	1.0–25.0
Groups 2 and 3	6.58	3.33–8.33	0.004		0.1	0–13.0	<0.0001		17.6	6.0–60.0	0.014
<20 years' duration	5.31	4.00–7.14			12.9	0–29.0			17.9	0.0–58.0
Groups 2 and 3	6.58	3.33–8.33	<0.0001		0.1	0–13.0	<0.0001		17.6	6.0–60.0	0.406
>20 years' duration	4.50	2.00–7.20			16.6	0–48.0			19.6	0.0–56.0
Groups 2–5	5.82	2.75–8.60	<0.0001		5.0	0–50.0	<0.0001		21.3	3.0–80.0	0.286
NIDDM:
<5 years' duration	4.86	3.12–6.28			19.7	0–55.0			22.6	1.0–54.0
Groups 3–6	5.24	2.70–8.60	0.007		7.4	0–50.0	<0.0001		25.1	3.0–80.0	0.200
<10 years' duration	4.74	2.27–6.57			16.1	0–56.0			26.3	4.0–100.0
Groups 3–6	5.24	2.70–8.60	0.007		7.4	0–50.0	0.0002		25.1	3.0–80.0	0.253
>10 years' duration	4.54	3.14–6.66			17.2	0–43.0			27.4	0.0–65.0
Groups 4–6	4.96	2.70–8.60	0.022		9.4	0–50.0	0.0004		26.2	3.0–80.0	0.312