Hereditary models for retinal degenerations
Strain | Trivial name | Gene | Mutation type | Cell layer | Degeneration time course | References |
Mouse models: | ||||||
C57BL/6J | rd | β phosphodiesterase | null mutation | ONL | p8–p21 | 3, 4 |
C57BL/6 | rds | Peripherin | null mutation | ONL | p21–1 year | 19, 20 |
C57BL/6J | tubby (rd5) | tub | — | ONL | p14–9–12 months | 21, 107, 108 |
C57BL/6J | vitiligo (mivit/mivit) | microphthalmia (mi) gene | — | ONL, OPL | 8 weeks–8 months | 109, 110 |
RBF/DnJ | rd3 | rd3 | — | ONL | p21–8 weeks | 111 |
C57BL/6J | pcd | pcd (Chr 13) | ONL | initial degeneration p25, never complete | 112 | |
DBA/2J × C57BL/6J | rd4 | rd4 | inversion | ONL, OPL | p10–6 weeks | 113 |
C57BL/6J × Krd/+ | Krd | on Chr 19, including Pax2 | deletion | entire retina | initial malformation at E 10.5 | 114 |
Others: | ||||||
cat | Abyssinian cat | rdy | — | ONL | p22–27 months | 6, 7, 10 |
chicken | Rhode Island Red chicken | photoreceptor guanylate cyclase (GC1) | null mutation | ONL | starts at p7 | 15, 16 |
dog | labrador retriever | rdy | — | ONL | 1–2 months–18 months | 13 |
dog | Swedish briard | Rpe65 | deletion | — | Manifest at 10 months | 11, 48, 49, 51 |
dog | Irish setter | β phosphodiesterase | nonsense mutation | ONL | p25–1 year | 11, 12, 14 |
rat | Fischer 344 | rhodopsin | point mutatiuon | ONL | 4–8 months–2 years | 17, 18 |
rat | RCS | rdy | — | ONL | p21–7 weeks | 115–117 |