Mycotic keratitis: a review of the literature
| Place | Reference | Year | Number cases | % Fungi* | Organism 1 | Organism 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *Corresponds to the proportion of fungal keratitis cases in studies which were not exclusively reporting fungal keratitis. | ||||||
| †Percentages of fungal keratitis cases have been recalculated by the author to represent the proportion of fungal corneal ulcers as a percentage of the total number of corneal ulcers reported, not just those which were culture positive. Numbers of cultures can be misleading particularly if multiple isolates are cultured from the same patient. | ||||||
| ‡No figures stated. | ||||||
| Europe | ||||||
| London | Coster17 | 1981 | 67 | 3% | 2 cases only | |
| London, UK | Personal comm | 2001 | 72 | 3% | Candida spp 58% | Aspergillus spp 26% |
| Sweden | Neumann18 | 1993 | 48 | 0% | ||
| North America | ||||||
| Florida | Liesegang19† | 1980 | 663 | 20% | Fusarium spp 62% | Candida spp 7.5% |
| Florida | Rosa20 | 1994 | 125 | Fusarium spp 62% | Candida spp 12.5% | |
| Philadelphia | Tanure 21 | 2000 | 24 | C albicans 46% | Fusarium spp 25% | |
| California | Ormerod22† | 1987 | 227 | 11% | C albicans 4% | Penicillium spp 2% |
| Atlanta | Harris23 | 1988 | 108 | 32% | Candida spp 94% | |
| Northern USA | O’Day24 | 1987 | 33 | Candida spp 42% | Aspergillus spp 30% | |
| Southern USA | 285 | Fusarium spp 55% | Candida spp 9.5% | |||
| South America | ||||||
| Paraguay | Mino de Kaspar25 | 1991 | 26 | 58% | Fusarium spp 42% | Aspergillus spp 19% |
| The Middle East | ||||||
| Saudi Arabia | Khairallah26 | 1992 | 191 | 14% | Aspergillus spp 41% | Fusarium spp‡ |
| Candida albicans‡ | ||||||
| Africa | ||||||
| Ghana (Accra) | Hagan6† | 1995 | 199 | 34% | Fusarium spp 52% | Aspergillus spp 15% |
| South Africa | Carmichael27 | 1985 | 274 | 2% | Curvularia spp 33% | |
| Nigeria | Gugani11 | 1976 | 59 | Fusarium spp 36% | Penicillium spp 29% | |
| Tanzania | Mselle28 | 1999 | 212 | 15% | Fusarium spp 75% | Aspergillus spp 19% |
| South Africa | Ormerod29 | 1987 | 120 | 2.5% | 3 different isolates | |
| Asia | ||||||
| Nepal, Dharan | Khanal9† | 2001 | 86 | 44% | Aspergillus spp 60% | Fusarium spp 13% |
| Nepal, Kathmandu | Upadhyay1 | 1991 | 405 | 17% | Aspergillus spp 47% | Candida spp 13% |
| Nepal | Chaudhary30 | 1999 | 110 | 8% | Rhizopus spp 22% | |
| Bangladesh | Rahman31 | 1998 | 63 | Aspergillus spp 35% | ||
| Fusarium spp 35% | ||||||
| Bangladesh | Dunlop4 | 1994 | 66 | 36% | Aspergillus spp 40% | Fusarium spp 21% |
| Bangladesh | Williams32† | 1991 | 127 | 34% | Aspergillus spp 49% | Fusarium spp 28% |
| Bangladesh | Williams33† | 1987 | 33 | 21% | Aspergillus spp 29% | Fusarium spp 14% |
| India, North | Chander34 | 1994 | 730 | 8.4% | Aspergillus spp 40% | Fusarium spp 16% |
| India, New Delhi | Panda (children)8 | 1997 | 211 | 10.8% | Aspergillus spp 40% | Fusarium spp 11% |
| India, New Delhi | Mahajan35 | 1985 | 674 | 19.7% | Aspergillus spp 37% | Fusarium spp 10% |
| India, Mumbai | Deshpande13† | 1999 | 367 | Aspergillus spp 60% | Candida spp 10% | |
| India, Hyderabad | Kunimoto16† | 2000 | 102 | 19% | Aspergillus spp 37% | Curvularia spp 16% |
| India, Hyderabad | Garg14 | 2000 | 557 | Fusarium spp 38% | Aspergillus spp 30% | |
| India, Karnataka | Kotigadde36 | 1992 | 295 | 23% | Aspergillus spp 34% | Candida spp 19% |
| India, Madras | Sudaram37 | 1989 | 150 | 45% | Aspergillus spp 53% | Fusarium spp 12% |
| Penicillium spp 12% | ||||||
| India, Madras | Venugopal38† | 1989 | 322 | Aspergillus spp 64% | Acremonium spp 8.4% | |
| India, Tiruchiripalli | Thomas12 | 1986 | 774 | 32% | Fusarium spp 38% | Aspergillus spp 30% |
| India, Madurai | Rahman39 | 1997 | 58 | Fusarium spp 38% | Aspergillus spp 17% | |
| India, Madurai | Srinavasan7† | 1997 | 434 | 35% | Fusarium spp 47% | Aspergillus spp 16% |
| Sri Lanka | Gonawardena40 | 1994 | 66 | 33% | Aspergillus spp 18% | single isolates |
| Thailand | Imwidthaya41 | 1995 | 145 | 25%‡ | Aspergillus spp 34% | Fusarium spp 26% |
| Singapore | Wong42 | 1997 | 29 | Fusarium spp 52% | A flavus 17% | |
| Hong Kong | Houang43 | 2001 | 223 | 2% | Fusarium spp 60% | |