Characteristics of those with and without gradable retinal photographs for retinopathy in people with diabetes in the Cardiovascular Health Study
| Gradable photographs (296) | No gradable photograph (262) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | No | % | No | % | p Value |
| Race | |||||
| Non-black | 231 | 78.0 | 184 | 70.2 | 0.04 |
| Black | 65 | 22.0 | 78 | 29.8 | |
| Hypoglycaemic medications | |||||
| None | 74 | 25.0 | 57 | 22.5 | 0.09 |
| Oral only | 171 | 57.8 | 133 | 52.6 | |
| Insulin | 51 | 17.2 | 63 | 24.9 | |
| Gross proteinuria (>30 mg/dl) | |||||
| Absent | 257 | 91.1 | 158 | 84.0 | 0.02 |
| Present | 25 | 8.9 | 30 | 16.0 | |
| Progestin use (females only) | |||||
| Current | 6 | 3.7 | 0 | 0 | 0.05 |
| Former | 4 | 2.4 | 5 | 3.3 | |
| Never | 154 | 93.9 | 147 | 96.7 | |
| Emphysema | |||||
| Never been told | 293 | 99.3 | 233 | 96.3 | 0.01 |
| Told by doctor | 2 | 0.7 | 9 | 3.7 | |
| Stroke | |||||
| Absent/questionable | 274 | 92.6 | 223 | 85.1 | <0.01 |
| Present | 22 | 7.4 | 39 | 14.9 | |
| Coronary heart disease | |||||
| Absent/questionable | 204 | 68.9 | 155 | 59.2 | 0.02 |
| Present | 92 | 31.1 | 107 | 40.8 | |
| Cardiovascular disease | |||||
| None | 61 | 20.6 | 51 | 19.5 | 0.02 |
| Subclinical only | 132 | 44.6 | 90 | 34.5 | |
| CHD or stroke | 103 | 34.8 | 120 | 46.0 | |
| Characteristics | No | Mean | SD | No | Mean | SD | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SD = standard deviation; for progestin use based on 164 women with gradable fundus photographs and 152 for those with ungradable fundus photographs. | |||||||
| Age (years) | 296 | 77.8 | 4.1 | 262 | 79.3 | 5.1 | <0.01 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 284 | 155.5 | 46.0 | 185 | 169.0 | 55.5 | <0.01 |
| Haematocrit (%) | 283 | 41.6 | 3.9 | 221 | 40.9 | 3.4 | 0.03 |
| Serum fibrinogen (mg/dl) | 287 | 326.2 | 57.7 | 221 | 340.2 | 74.5 | 0.02 |
| Alcohol (drinks per week) | 296 | 0.9 | 2.9 | 240 | 1.7 | 6.2 | 0.06 |
| Time to walk 15 feet (seconds) | 293 | 5.8 | 1.8 | 162 | 7.4 | 4.9 | <0.01 |