Retinopathy level and prevalence of macular oedema by diabetes classification* and level of glycaemia in the Cardiovascular Health Study
| Diabetes classification | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glucose level only (n=74) | Hypoglycaemic medications only (n=65) | Glucose level and hypoglycaemic medications (n=157) | Total (n=296) | |||||
| No | % | No | % | No | % | No | % | |
| *American Diabetes Association classification defines a person as having diabetes if s/he is currently using insulin or oral hypoglycaemic agents, or has a fasting blood sugar of 126 mg/dl or higher; †denominators for macular oedema for glucose only group is 74, hypoglycaemic medications only group is 62, glucose level and hypoglycaemic medications group is 155 and for total is 291. | ||||||||
| Retinopathy level | ||||||||
| None (level 10) | 66 | 89.2 | 51 | 78.5 | 119 | 75.8 | 236 | 79.7 |
| Minimal non-proliferative (levels 21–35) | 3 | 4.1 | 4 | 6.2 | 15 | 9.6 | 22 | 7.4 |
| Moderate to severe non-proliferative (levels 40–50) | 5 | 6.8 | 7 | 10.8 | 18 | 11.5 | 30 | 10.1 |
| Proliferative (levels 60+) | 0 | 0 | 3 | 4.6 | 5 | 3.2 | 8 | 2.7 |
| Macular oedema† | 1 | 1.4 | 2 | 3.2 | 3 | 1.9 | 6 | 2.1 |