Barbados20 | 1987–92 | Simple random sample | Black | 40–84 | 4303 | B | ≤20/200 | 3.0% | Glaucoma, cataract, retinal/choroidal diseases |
| | | | | | | ≤20/400 | 1.7% | |
| | | | | | | <20/60–>20/400 | 5.9% | |
Chile21 | 1988 | Community based rural | Hispanic | ≥;60 | 664 | B | ≤20/200 | 4.4% | Cataract, glaucoma, retinal (not AMD) |
Brazil22 Sao Paulo | 1986–7 | Stratified random sample | Hispanic | ≥;65 | 120 | P | ≤20/400 | 6.8% | Cataract, myopic degeneration, glaucoma |
Brazil23 Capinas | 1986–7 | Community based | Hispanic | ≥;50 | 7452 | B | ≤20/200 | 2.8% | 74% Cataract was involved |
Brazil24 Porto Alegre | 1992–4 | Community based | Hispanic | All ages | All residents neighbourhood | B | ≤20/200 | 0.1% | Cataract, retinal, diabetic retinopathy |
Peru23 Chimbote | 1986–7 | Community based | Hispanic | ≥;40 | 12193 | B | ≤20/200 | 2.9% | 72% Cataract was involved |
| | | | | | | | | |
USA | | | | | | | | | |
Framingham, MA25 | 1973–5 | Community based | White | ≥;55 | 2631 | B | ≤20/200 | 0.6% | Cataract, ARMD, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy |
| | | | 75–84 | 394 | | | 2.0% | |
National Health and Nutrition Examination26,27 | 1974–5 | Multistage random sample | | 25–74 | | P | ≤20/200 | | Not reported |
| | | Black | | 250 | | | 0.2% | |
| | | White | | 2660 | | | 0.4% | |
Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination26,27 | 1982–4 | Multistage random sample | | 25–74 | | P | ≤20/200 | | Not reported |
| | | Cuban | | 396 | | | 1.0% | |
| | | Mexican | | 1381 | | | 0.9% | |
| | | Puerto Rican | | 513 | | | 0.2% | |
Baltimore, MD2829 | 1985–8 | Stratified random sample | White | ≥;40 | 2913 | B | ≤20/400 | 0.5% | ARMD, cataract |
| | | | | | | ≤20/200 | 0.9% | |
| | | | | | | <20/60–>20/200 | 1.3% | Cataract, glaucoma |
| | | Black | | 2395 | | ≤20/400 | 0.9% | |
| | | | | | | ≤20/200 | 1.5% | |
| | | | | | | <20/60–>20/200 | 1.9% | |
Mud Creek Valley, KY30 | 1988 | Community based | White | ≥;40 | 1136 | B | ≤20/200 | 1.1% | Cataract, ARMD, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma |
| | | | | | | <20/60–>20/200 | 1.5% | |
Beaver Dam, WI31 | 1987–8 | Community based | 99% | ≥;43 | 4897 | B | ≤20/200 | 0.5% | Not reported |
| | | White | | | | <20/60–>20/200 | 0.8% | |
3 communities in MA, CT, IO32 | 1990 | Community based | 94% | ≥;71 | 5335 | P | ≤20/200 | 4.7% | Not reported |
| | | White | | | | <20/60–>20/200 | 14.4% | |
| | | | | | | <20/40–>20/60 | 14.1% | |
Salisbury, MD3334 | 1994–5 | Community based random sample | White | 65–84 | 1853 | B | ≤20/400 | 0.2% | Cataract, ARMD, diabetic retinopathy |
| | | | | | | ≤20/200 | 0.5% | |
| | | | | | | <20/60–>20/200 | 1.2% | |
| | | Black | | 666 | | ≤20/400 | 0.8% | Cataract, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma |
| | | | | | | ≤20/200 | 1.7% | |
| | | | | | | <20/60–>20/200 | 2.6% | |
Tucson and Nogales, AZ3536 | 1997–9 | Community based random sample | Hispanic | ≥;40 | 4774 | B | ≤20/400 | 0.2% | Cataract, ARMD, diabetic retinopathy |
| | | | | | | ≤20/200 | 0.3% | |
| | | | | | | <20/60–>20/200 | 0.9% | |