Distribution of causes of moderate visual impairment for the four areas of APEDS
| Cause of moderate visual impairment | Prevalence (95% CI)* | Percentage of total moderate visual impairment |
|---|---|---|
| *Adjusted for the estimated age, sex, and urban-rural distribution of India in the year 20003 13; †other than caused by glaucoma. | ||
| Refractive error | 3.71% (3.11% to 4.30%) | 45.8 |
| Myopia | 2.81% | |
| Hyperopia | 0.71% | |
| Aphakia | 0.14% | |
| Pseudophakia | 0.05% | |
| Cataract | 3.23% (2.58% to 3.87%) | 39.9 |
| Age related | 3.20% | |
| Steroid induced | 0.01% | |
| Traumatic | 0.01% | |
| Uveitis related | 0.01% | |
| Retinal disease | 0.27% (0.16 to 0.39%) | 3.4 |
| Amblyopia | 0.22% (0.12 to 0.31%) | 2.7 |
| Corneal disease | 0.19% (0.08 to 0.29%) | 2.3 |
| Optic atrophy† | 0.15% (0.07 to 0.23%) | 1.8 |
| Glaucoma | 0.08% (0.03 to 0.14%) | 1.0 |
| Others | 0.25% (0.14 to 0.36%) | 3.1 |
| Total | 8.10% (6.90 to 9.30%) | 100 |