Table 2

Blindness (<6/60) by sociodemographic factors in the adult population

BlindNot blindOdds ratio
No (%)No (%)95% CI
Age group
    50–5953 (17.2)1136 (53.6)1.0
    60–69110 (35.7)693 (32.7)3.40 (2.39 to 4.86)
    70+ years145 (47.1)289 (13.6)10.75 (7.55 to 15.43)
Sex
    Male118 (38.3)964 (45.5)1.0
    Female190 (61.7)1154 (54.5)1.35 (1.05 to 1.73)
Marital status
    Married137 (47.9)1505 (74.7)1.0
    Unmarried149 (52.1)511 (25.3)3.20 (2.47 to 4.16)
    Missing22102
Number of children in household
    0–4 children246 (95.0)1659 (85.6)3.18 (1.75 to 5.90)
    5+ children13 (5.0)279 (14.4)1.0
    Missing49180
Number of people living in household
    1–7 people175 (57.6)1225 (58.4)1.0
    8+ people129 (42.4)874 (41.6)1.03 (0.81 to 1.32)
    Missing419
Residence
    Urban65 (21.1)580 (27.4)1.0
    Rural243 (78.9)1538 (72.6)1.36 (1.01 to 1.84)
Occupation
    Worker/official23 (7.3)399 (18.9)1.0
    Farmer61 (19.8)439 (20.8)2.41 (1.43 to 4.09)
    None (retired)224 (72.7)1272 (60.3)3.05 (1.93 to 4.89)
    Missing08
Education
    Illiterate287 (93.8)1816 (86.7)2.31 (1.40 to 3.86)
    Intermediate/high19 (6.2)278 (13.3)1.0
    Missing224
Type of building
    Mud149 (48.9)908 (43.4)1.26 (0.95 to 1.67)
    Stone100 (32.8)768 (36.7)1.0
    Other (incl stone)56 (18.4)415 (19.8)0.82 (0.57 to 1.16)
    Missing327
Sanitation
    General network30 (9.8)301 (14.4)1.0
    Latrine in house229 (74.6)1538 (73.7)1.49 (0.99 to 2.28)
    Latrine outside house27 (8.8)168 (8.1)1.61 (0.93 to 2.90)
    Others21 (6.8)79 (3.8)2.67 (1.39 to 5.12)
    Missing132
Primary source of income
    Own farming40 (13.4)344 (16.7)0.75 (0.40 to 1.40)
    Rent farming64 (21.4)377 (18.4)1.09 (0.61 to 1.97)
    Employment73 (24.4)650 (31.6)0.72 (0.41 to 1.29)
    Trading19 (6.4)122 (5.9)1.0
    Other103 (34.4)561 (27.3)1.18 (0.68 to 2.70)
    Missing964
Water source
    Piped village tap24 (7.9)179 (8.6)0.91 (0.57 to 1.46)
    Piped household tap243 (79.7)1658 (80.0)1.0
    Village/household well20 (6.6)141 (6.8)0.97 (0.58–1.61)
    Canal18 (5.9)95 (4.6)1.29 (0.74 to 2.23)
    Missing345
Type of electricity
    General network304 (99.3)2062 (99.4)1.0
    Other source2 (0.7)13 (0.6)1.04 (0.28 to 3.78)
    Missing243
Access to radio
    Yes288 (93.5)1975 (93.2)1.0
    No20 (6.5)143 (6.8)0.96 (0.57 to 1.59)
Access to TV
    Yes288 (93.5)2000 (94.4)1.0
    No20 (6.5)118 (5.6)1.18 (0.70 to 1.96)
Nearest healthcare facility
    <1 km180 (58.4)830 (48.0)1.0
    1–3 km109 (35.4)765 (44.2)0.66 (0.50 to 0.86)
    >3 km19 (6.2)135 (7.8)0.65 (0.38 to 1.10)
    Missing0388
Nearest eye care facility
    <3 km99 (32.1)732 (34.6)1.0
    3–5 km66 (21.4)387 (18.3)1.26 (0.89 to 1.79)
    6–8 km69 (22.4)478 (22.6)1.07 (0.76 to 1.50)
    9+ km74 (24.0)521 (24.6)1.05 (0.75 to 1.47)